home > POP > Blocks of gyenesh for shaping. "Learning - playing!" (logic games with "Gyenesh Blocks"). Where to buy the Gyenesh Logic Blocks game guide

Blocks of gyenesh for shaping. "Learning - playing!" (logic games with "Gyenesh Blocks"). Where to buy the Gyenesh Logic Blocks game guide

Didacticgame "How much?"

Material: logical figures.
Purpose of the game: develop the ability to ask questions and develop the ability to highlight properties.
Game description: Children are divided into two teams. The teacher lays out the logical figures in any order and invites the children to come up with questions starting with the words "How much ..."
For every correct question, a chip. The team with the most chips wins.
Variants of questions: "How many big figures?" "How many red figures are in the first row?" (horizontally), "How many circles?" etc.

Didactic game" PAINTERS"

Material:
. "Sketches of paintings" - sheets of large colored cardboard
. additional details from cardboard to compose the composition of the picture;
. block set
Purpose of the game:
. development of the ability to analyze the shape of objects
. development of the ability to compare according to their properties
. development of artistic abilities (choice of color, background, arrangement (composition).
Game description:
Children are invited to "write pictures" according to sketches. One picture can be "painted" at once
several people. Children choose a "sketch" of the picture, paper for the background, details for the future picture, the necessary blocks. If the part is only outlined on the sketch (part outline), a thin block is selected, if the part is painted, a thick block is selected. So, for example, for a sketch of a picture with elephants, the child will take additional details: 2 elephant heads, the sun, a lake, the top of a palm tree, a cactus, an animal and blocks.
At the end of the work, the artists come up with a name for their paintings, arrange an exhibition
paintings, and the guide tells visitors of the exhibition what is shown in the picture.

Didactic game "SHOP"

Material: Goods (cards with the image of objects) Logic figures.
Purpose of the game:
. developing the ability to identify and abstract properties
. development of the ability to reason, argue your choice
Game description:

Children come to the store where big choice toys. Each child has 3 logical figures "money". For one "money" you can buy only one toy.
Buying rules: you can only buy a toy that has at least one property of a logical figure. The rule can be made more difficult to select a toy by two properties (for example, a large square, a blue square, etc.)

Didactic game "What changed"

W adachi:

Improve children's knowledge of geometric shapes, their color, size, thickness

Develop thinking.

Material: Gyenes block set.

Game progress: In front of the child, several figures are laid out on the table that need to be remembered, and then one of the figures disappears or is replaced by a new one, or two figures are swapped. The child should notice the changes.

Didactic game"Round dance"

Target: classifies blocks according to two or three criteria: color, shape; color - shape - size.

Material: a set of Gyenes logical blocks.

Game progress.

The teacher offers to line up magical figures in a cheerful round dance. The round dance will turn out beautiful and elegant.

Blocks are laid out in a circle. Any block is randomly taken, then a block is attached, in which one feature of the previous block will be present, and so on. The last block must match the first block in some way. In this case, the game ends - the round dance is closed.

Didactic game "Second row"

Tasks:

Develop the ability to analyze, highlight the properties of figures, find a figure that is different in one way.

Material: A set of Gyenesh logic blocks.

Game progress: Lay out in a row 5-6 any figures. Build a second row under them, but so that under each figure of the upper row there is a figure of a different shape (color, size); the same shape, but a different color (size); different in color and size; not the same shape, size, color.

Didactic game "Find the treasure"

Tasks: To improve children's knowledge of geometric shapes, their color, size, thickness. Develop thinking.

Material: Gyenes block set.

We lay out 8 Gyenes logical blocks in front of the child, and while he does not see, we hide the “treasure” under one of them (a coin, a pebble, a cut out picture, etc.). The child should ask you leading questions, and you can only answer “yes” or “no”: “The treasure under the blue block?” - "No", "Under the red?" - "Not". The child concludes that the treasure is under the yellow block, and asks further about the size, shape and thickness. Then the child hides the “treasure”, and the teacher asks leading questions.

Then the children themselves can play this game, competing in finding the treasure.

Didactic game "Game with one hoop"

Tasks: To develop the ability to split a set of one property into two subsets, to perform a logical operation "not".

Material: Hoop, set of Gyenes logic blocks.

Game progress: Before the start of the game, they find out which part of the game sheet is inside the hoop and outside it, set the rules: for example, arrange the pieces so that all the red pieces (and only them) are outside the hoop. After the arrangement of all the figures, two questions are asked: what figures lie inside the hoop? What figures were outside the hoop? (The answer is supposed to be: “all non-red pieces lie outside the hoop.”) When repeating the game, children can choose which blocks to put inside the hoop and which outside.

Didactic game "Game with two hoops"

Tasks: Development of the ability to split a set according to two compatible properties, to perform logical operations “not”, “and”, “or”.

Material: 2 hoops, a set of Gyenes logic blocks.

Game progress: before starting the game, it is necessary to find out where are the four areas defined on the game sheet by two hoops, namely: inside both hoops; inside the red but outside the green hoop; inside the green but outside the red hoop and outside both hoops (these areas need to be circled with a pointer).

1.then called the rule of the game. For example, arrange the figures so that all red figures are inside the red hoop, and all round ones are inside the green hoop.

2. after solving a practical problem on the location of the figures, the children answer the questions: which figures lie inside both hoops; inside the green but outside the red hoop; It is advisable to play the game with two hoops many times, varying the rules of the game.

Note: In options 5 and 6, the common part is left blank. It is necessary to find out why there are no figures both red and green, and also there are no figures both round and square.

Didactic game "Let's settle in houses"

Tasks: Develop the ability to analyze, highlight the properties of figures, classify.

Material: A set of Gyenes logic blocks, tables depicting paths and houses

Game progress: Table number 1 is in front of the children. The child needs to help each figure get into his house, focusing on the signposts.

Didactic game "On your branch"

Tasks: Develop the ability to analyze, highlight the properties of figures, classify figures according to several criteria.

Material: Set of 24 figures (four shapes, three colors, two sizes). Each figure is the carrier of three important properties: shape, color, size, and in accordance with this, the name of the figure consists of the name of three properties: red, large rectangle; yellow, small circle; green, big square, etc.

Game progress: The figure shows a tree on which the figures should “grow”. To find out on which branch which figure will "grow", let's take, for example, a green, small rectangle and start moving it from the root of the tree up the branches. Following the color pointer, we must move the figure along the right branch. We came to a fork. Which branch to follow? On the right, which has a rectangle. We got to the next branch. Further, the Christmas trees show that a large figure should move along the left branch, and a small one along the right. So, we will go along the right branch. This is where a small green rectangle should “grow”. We do the same with the rest of the figures. Similarly, the game is played with the following figure.

Didactic game "Chain"

Target: Development of the ability to analyze, highlight the properties of figures, find a figure according to a given attribute.

Material: A set of Dyenysh logic blocks.

From an arbitrarily chosen figure, try to build as long a chain as possible. Chain building options:

So that there are no figures of the same shape (color, size, thickness) nearby;

So that there are no figures of the same shape and color nearby (in color and size, in size and thickness, etc.);

So that nearby there are figures of the same size, but different in shape, etc .;

So that nearby there are figures of the same color and size, but of a different shape (the same size, but of a different color).

Didactic game "Help the fairy-tale hero"

Tasks:

Exercise children in grouping geometric shapes

Develop observation, attention and memory

Exercise:

Divide the shapes between fairy tale characters so that:

Pinocchio had all the blue squares

So that the Pencil gets all the yellow

So that Dunno gets all the yellow and big

Didactic game "Floors"

Program tasks: Develop the ability to classify and generalize geometric figures by signs. Practice counting. Develop orientation in space, attention, logical thinking.

Material: Blocks set.

Game progress:

We propose to lay out several figures in a row - 4-5 pieces. These are the people on the first floor. Now we are building the second floor of the house so that under each figure of the previous row there is a detail of a different color (or size, shape).

Option 2: A part of the same shape, but a different size (or color).

Option 3: we build a house with other details in color and size.

Game - Fairy tale "In the kingdom of blocks"

Material: Gyenes blocks, one box for three people.
Target: introduce blocks, their properties, develop attention, the ability to identify, abstract properties (size, shape, thickness), imagination, creative thinking.
Game description: Children choose a color for their kingdom (yellow, blue, red). The host tells a fairy tale, and the children assign blocks to the roles of heroes, and build their kingdom out of them.
“In a certain kingdom, in a certain state, there lived a king. It was strong, big, thick and looked like a rectangle (the children choose a block - a large thick rectangle). The king had a queen, very similar to him, only thinner (we choose a block - a large thin rectangle). They lived very happily, and they had two children similar to them, only small (small thick and thin rectangles). And then one day…”
Options: Further, the tale can be continued according to the children's idea or in accordance with the theme. (Let's go to the forest for mushrooms ..., We took a pet ... etc.)
In games with Dnesh blocks, it is very convenient to use cards with property symbols and logic cubes, presented in the Let's play together didactic set, as additional material.

Didactic game "Spaceship"
Material: hoops of red, blue, yellow colors, a large rocket triangle made of carpet or cardboard, cards with property symbols or logic cubes, Gyenes blocks.
Target: the formation of the operation of classification and generalization of blocks according to one to four signs, the development of logical thinking, attention.
Game description: hoops are laid out on the floor in a row, a rocket triangle is added. Using cards with property symbols or logic cubes(except for color) a condition is defined for each of the hoops.

Rules: To put a spacecraft into orbit, all three stages of the launch vehicle must be filled with fuel, in accordance with the condition.
Game options:
First option. Children are divided into teams, each of which fills in its own hoop, the conditions in the hoops are equivalent in complexity.
Second option. Children independently choose a hoop that they will fill in and / or a condition by throwing a die, the conditions in the hoops are different in degree of difficulty.
Third option. You can fill in any hoops, the conditions in the hoops can be either the same or different levels of difficulty.
Difficulty level:
Simple: the condition specifies only the color of the hoop, or one more property is added (shape, size, thickness).
Medium: 2 kinds of property symbol cards are used, such as shape and size, shape and thickness, etc.
High: All property symbol cards are used, including negation.
Additional material: sounds of a jet engine, riddles about space.

The game "Decorate the Christmas tree with beads"

Material: Image of a Christmas tree, 15 cards with symbols, a set of logical figures
Target: Developing the ability to identify and abstract properties. Ability to read a diagram. Strengthening ordinal counting skills.

Game progress: We need to decorate the Christmas tree with beads. There should be 5 rows of beads on the Christmas tree. Each row has three beads. The number on the card indicates the serial number of the string of beads (we start counting from the top of the Christmas tree). Let's hang the first row of beads (cards with the number 1). The filled circle shows us the place of the bead on the string. The first bead is a small yellow circle, the second is a large yellow square, the third is small
yellow triangle. We hang the rest of the beads in the same way.

Mobile game "Cat and Mouse"

Target: to develop the ability to "read" cards with symbols of properties, to identify the necessary properties, to stimulate the motor activity of children.
Materials: tokens on ribbons with symbols of properties for the Cat and Mice.
Game progress: Children (4-9 people) choose tokens for mice and put them over their heads, stand in a round dance. In the middle is the cat "Vaska" (you can choose it using V. Levin's counting rhymes). Next to him are tokens for a cat.
The round dance moves with the words:
- Mice lead a round dance,
A cat is napping on a couch.
Hush, mice, don't make noise, don't wake Cat Vaska.
Vaska the cat will wake up
And disperse the round dance.
On the last word, the cat quickly puts on one of the tokens and turns to the "mice". For them to see him. Token - information for mice, which "mice" the cat will kill. The rest of the mice are not afraid of the cat, they can have fun, tease Vaska. The caught mouse becomes a "cat" and the game continues.
Note: cards with property symbols can be used as tokens.
Difficulty levels: you should start the game with the simplest color property, then complicate it by changing the properties and combining them. For example: a cat catches red and round mice.
High level of complexity - the presence of logical negation.

Didactic game "Find me"

Target: Development of the ability to read the code designation of geometric shapes and find the corresponding code.
Material: A set of blocks, 3 copies of code cards (2 - with a regular code, 1 - with a negation code).
Game progress: Children are divided into two groups. One takes cards, the other takes blocks. The children of the first group take turns reading (decoding) the cards, the child from the second group, who has the corresponding block, comes out and shows a geometric figure.
It is possible to use the words:
"Blocks, different blocks Yellow, blue and red,
We all know them, Find me!

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Logic blocks Gyenesha -

universal didactic material.

In preschool didactics, a variety of educational games are used. The most effective tool is the Logic Blocks, developed by the Hungarian psychologist and mathematician Gyenesh for early logical propaedeutics and, above all, for preparing children's thinking for the assimilation of mathematics.

Zoltan Gyenes is a Hungarian theorist and practitioner of the so-called "new mathematics" ("new mathematics"). The essence of this approach is thatchildren get mathematical knowledge not by solving numerous examples in notebooks and reading boring textbooks, but by playing.

Zoltan Gyenes created the theory of six stages in the study of mathematics.

At the first stagemost people, when faced with an unfamiliar task, resort to trial and error. They are just trying to do something. That is, some systematic enumeration of options is necessarily preceded by chaotic attempts to solve the problem. itstage free play , according to Gyenes, is a necessary beginning of learning. So the future student gets acquainted with the situation that he has to resolve.

After free experimentation in trying, there is some kind of repetition, " rules of the game ". This symbolizestransition to the second stage. Once it becomes clear that interesting activities can be turned into a game with the help of rules, a person takes a big step towards creating a game. Every game has rules that you need to learn before going from start to finish. Learning the rules is the most important learning trick. Children want to play, but without rules it is impossible to do this. In the rules - that's what encoded "mathematical", the most difficult part of learning. The information that the teacher wants to convey to the students without fail.

Third stage - comparison stage. Once the kids and I have played a couple of math games, it's time to discuss and compare the games with each other. It is imperative to teach children to play games with a similar structure of rules, but with different material, beating the same problem either on cubes, or on buttons, or in cutting out snowflakes, or playing "hopscotch". The "core" of such games will then be obvious, the players will eventually understand that what and how we play is not so important in the end. It is much more important that the borrowers have a similar structure. Understanding is an indispensable step towards understanding abstractions.

On the fourth - representative stagethe student understands the abstract content of numbers in different games, here all sorts of things come in handycharts and tables, helping to understand what is common in games. You can draw a map for each game.

fifth stage Zoltan Gyenes calls symbolic . On it, the child comes to the discovery that two or more series of steps lead to the same result. To describe the map of the game, you need a special language, as a rule, these are symbols. Trying to experiment with this language, you can create new symbolic systems.

And finally, the sixth stage formalization takes the longest. At this stage, you can offer several options for describing the map, determine certain rules that will allow you to draw such conclusions. In this case, we take the first steps towards understanding that the first descriptions can be AXIOMS, and the others - the conclusions we have come to - THEOREMS, andhow, in fact, to move from axioms to theorems.

It is games with logical blocks that allow you to go through all six of the above stages. Didactic set "Logic blocks" consists of 48 three-dimensional geometric shapes, differing in shape, color, size and thickness. Thus, each figure is characterized by four properties. All figures in the set are different. Logic blocks are standards of shapes and are a great way to introduce young children to the shapes of objects and geometric shapes.

In modern practice of working with children in kindergarten and primary school two types of logical didactic material find a place: three-dimensional and planar. Each of these species has its own name. Volumetric logical material is called logical blocks, planar - logical figures. Young children are more attracted to logical blocks, as they provide a variety of subject actions.

In the process of various actions with logical blocks (partitioning, laying out according to certain rules, rebuilding, etc..) children master various thinking skills, which are important both in terms of pre-mathematical preparation and in terms of general intellectual development.

These includeskills of analysis, abstraction, comparison, classification, generalization, coding - decoding. As well as logical operations: "not", "and", "or". In specially designed games and exercises with blocks, toddlers develop elementaryskills of algorithmic thinking culture, the ability to perform actions in the mind. With the help of logic blocks, childrentrain attention, memory, perception.

A set of logical blocks makes it possible to guide children in their development from operating with one property of objects to operating with two, three and four properties. In the process of various actions with blocks, children first learn to identify and abstract one property (color, shape, size, thickness), compare, classify and generalize objects for each of these properties. Then they master the skills to compare, classify, analyze, etc. on two properties, later on three, four properties. At the same time, in the same exercise, it is easy to change the degree of complexity, taking into account the possibilities

children. For example: several children are building paths from Baba Yaga's hut to help Masha run away home. But one child builds a path so that it does not have a number of blocks of the same shape (operating with one property), the other - so that there are no rows of blocks that are the same in shape and color

(two properties), etc.

In games, you can use flat logical figures, but their developmental capabilities are somewhat narrower. They allow you to operate at once no more than three properties.

Cards with negation properties are very important: not blue, not yellow, not round, etc. The use of cards allows children to develop the ability to replace and model properties, the ability to encode and decode information about them in the process of performing various object-playing actions. So, picking up cards that talk about the color, shape, thickness or size of objects, children practice replacing and coding properties. In the process of searching for blocks with the properties indicated on the cards, children master the ability to decode information. Laying out cards that tell about the properties of the block, the kids create its original model.

Property cards help children move from visual-figurative thinking to visual-schematic.

And squats with the denial of properties become a bridge to verbal-logical thinking.

For some games and exercises, you should additionally prepare auxiliary material: toys, hoops, ropes, etc.

Depending on the age of the children, you can use not the whole set, but some part of it.

There are four groups of progressively more complex games and exercises with logical blocks:

To develop skills to identify and abstract properties

To develop skills to compare objects by their properties.

To develop the actions of classification and generalization,

For the development of abilities for logical actions and operations.

All games, with the exception of the fourth group, are not addressed to any particular age group. After all, the children of one calendar age may have a different psychological age. Some of them reach the next stage in intellectual development a little, and some much earlier. Therefore, before starting work with children, it is necessary to establish on which rung of the intellectual ladder each child is.

It's easy to do. Focusing on the approximate level of development of the child, offer him one or two games. If he did not cope with the task, offer simpler ones and so on until the child solves the problem. An independent and successful decision will be the step from which you should start moving forward.

If the child easily and accurately copes with tasks of a certain level, offer him games of the next difficulty group. But this can only be done if if the child "grew" from the previous ones, i.e. when they are for the child do not make up for labor. If the child is overexposed at a certain stage or prematurely given more difficult tasks, interest in classes will disappear.

Children are drawn to mental tasks when they are difficult for them, but doable.

Thinking skills, like any other skills, are developed in the process of repeated exercises. At the same time, the number of these exercises for different children is different. In order for the child not to lose interest in mental tasks, each game contains several gaming and practical tasks. For example: lay paths between the houses of Nif-Nif, Nuf-Nuf and Naf-Naf, make a New Year's garland, build a bridge across the river, help Pinocchio find only red figures (sweets, cookies ...), put only large pies in the basket for Grandmother Little Red Riding Hood etc.

We must always remember that the intellectual journey will be more exciting and joyful for children if we remember that an adult should be an equal participant in the games. In no case do not rush to point out to children their mistakes. Give your child time to think and find the right solution.

Before starting games and exercises, let the child get acquainted with the blocks on his own: examine them, examine them, use them at his own discretion in different types activities. It does not make sense to focus the child's attention on the term "block", it is easier to use the word "figure".

Then begintransformation games, group and classify blocks. In grouping games, children divide sets according to any one attribute (by size or thickness, etc.) into groups.

Gradually complicating the tasks, it is necessary to reach games for grouping by the presence / absence of three or four properties.

Approximate logical games and exercises with Gyenes blocks.

1. Let's get to know each other!

Blocks came to visit the children and call their "names" (properties). (Not suitable for dating younger preschoolers, because it will cause difficulties)

2. What has changed?

Before the child, several figures are laid out that need to be remembered, and then one of the figures disappears or is replaced by a new one or two figures are swapped. The child should notice the changes.

3. Magic bag.

All figurines are placed in a bag. Ask the child to touch all the round blocks (all large or all thick).

All figures are again folded into a bag. The child takes the figurine out of the bag and characterizes it according to one or more features. Or he names the shape, size or thickness without taking it out of the bag.

4. What is superfluous?

Lay out three figures. The child needs to guess which one is superfluous and according to what principle (by color, shape, size or thickness). The kid must explain why he thinks that this figure is superfluous.

5. Find the same (not the same).

Put any figure in front of the child and ask him to find all the figures that are not the same as this one by color (size, shape, thickness).

Put any figure in front of the child and invite him to find the same figures in color, but not the same in shape or the same in shape, but not the same in color.

6. Playing with a circle. Draw a circle. The kid should place all the red figures inside the circle, and all the blue ones outside.

7. Show "not". Ask the baby to show - not a circle and not a square, not a blue and not a thick block, not a round and not a red one, etc.

8. We build paths and chains.

Lay out a row of figures in front of the baby, alternating them in color: red, yellow, red ... (you can alternate in shape, size and thickness). Invite him to continue the row.

We lay out the figures one after another so that each subsequent one differs from the previous one in just one sign: color, shape, size, thickness.

We lay out a chain of Gyenes blocks so that there are no figures of the same shape and color nearby (in color and size; in size and shape, in thickness and color, etc..).

We lay out the chain so that there are figures nearby that are the same in size, but different in shape, etc.

We lay out the chain so that there are figures of the same color and size, but of a different shape (the same size, but of a different color) next to each other.

We lay out the track according to the given conditions

(according to the scheme).

9. Find a mate. Each figure needs to find a pair, for example, by size: a large yellow circle is paired with a small yellow circle, etc.

10. Find the treasure.

We lay out several blocks in front of the child and quietly hide the “treasure” (a coin, a pebble, a small picture) under one of them. The child should ask you leading questions, and you can only answer "yes" or "no": "The treasure under the yellow block?" - "No", "Under the red?" - "Not". The child concludes that the treasure is under the blue block, and asks further about the size, shape and thickness. Then the child hides the "treasure", and the adult asks leading questions.

By analogy with the previous game, you can hide one of the figures in a box or bag, and the child will ask leading questions to find out what kind of block is in the box.

11. Settle the tenants in the houses

We offer a table of nine cells with figures displayed in it. The child needs to pick up the missing blocks.

12. Dominoes.

In the game of dominoes, the figures are divided equally among the participants. Each player takes turns making their move. If there is no piece, the move is skipped. The first person to lay out all the pieces wins. You can walk in different ways: figures of a different color (shape, size).

13. Make a picture.

It is possible to make planar images of objects from the Gyenes logical blocks: a car, a steam locomotive, a house, a tower.

14. Remove the cubes.

Mom puts only rectangular blocks into the box, and the child is all red, then mom puts only thin shapes, and the child - large ones, etc.

15. Groups.

It is necessary to distribute the figures between the mother and the child in such a way that the mother gets all the round ones, and the baby gets all the yellow blocks. The blocks are folded into two hoops or rope-marked circles. But how to divide the yellow circle? It should be at the intersection of two circles.

Well, if the child himself guesses that the figure belongs to both sets. This task only seems simple, but it is very important for the formation of the ability to divide many objects into different groups.

16. Treat a toy. The child needs to arrange the figures in such a way that each toy has figures of only the same thickness, the same size, etc. “For example: the bear cub loves blue cookies (pieces of sausage ...), and the bunny is red. Put the cookies in the red plate for the teddy bear and the yellow one for the bunny.

17. Houses. You will need a sheet of paper and a pencil. Draw a sheet into 6 squares - these will be rooms. In 5 rooms, put blocks of certain colors, and leave the sixth empty. The child must guess what color the figure should be in this room.

Options: Settle tenants (for example: aliens who flew in on a rocket) in the houses that they built: Piglet, Fox and Hare, etc.

18. "Find a house for a toy."At the paths leading to the houses, there are code cards with the designation of properties (eg: large - small). You can use ready-made schemes of different levels of complexity. Children settle the blocks in accordance with the given properties.

Game options: grouping by color, thickness, shape.

Further, it is possible to introduce games for grouping by one attribute with negation. It is better to start with alternative properties: large-small (large- not large), thick-thin (thick - not fat).

By analogy, you can organize the game "Put the cars in the garages", "Take the goods to the construction site", etc., adding the specified conditions for certain cars, loads.

19. Guess. Hide one shape. The child must guess which block is hidden, he asks leading questions, the answer to which is only “yes” or “no”. For example, a child asks - is this figure square? No. Removes all round shapes together. - Is she red? No. Removes red.

20. Unraveling the figure from symbolic images. The child rolls the dice and looks for a matching figure. (The cubes are in the "Let's play" set)

A sufficient number of illustrated manuals for games with Gyenesh blocks for different ages are now being published, which will help educators and parents organize and diversify the gameplay.

Parents should remember that if something does not work out for your child or he does not understand the task, in no case should you scold the child, be angry with him. Then the exercises will do more harm than good!

Do not treat playing with a child as a heavy duty! Let better game will be shorter, but will bring the joy of discovery to you and your child. The game should be a welcome "candy" for the baby. It is necessary to finish the game before the child begins to get tired and distracted. Never compare different children. You can only compare the success of your child. Be kind and patient. And then the child himself will ask: “Let's play!”

Valentina Rozputnyaya
Master class for teachers "Blocks of Gyenes"

Master Class

TOPIC: "The system of work on the use Gyenes blocks for the development of logical and mathematical concepts in children before school age»

Teacher-master: Rozputnaya Valentina Alexandrovna

Location:G. Kondopoga MDOU №20 "Spikelet" building 9

Target: to increase the level of competence teachers by mastering the technology of using games with Gyenes blocks in the formation of mental skills of preschoolers.

Tasks:

1. Promote among teachers knowledge of use Gyenes blocks. Familiarize yourself with the basic usage Gyenes blocks.

2. Facilitate learning teachers game application technology Gyenes blocks in different age groups.

3. Develop constructive pedagogical abilities.

Equipment and materials: presentation, sets Gyenes blocks, plot toys, methodological literature, hoops, an exhibition of albums and games with Gyenes blocks.

Dear colleagues! Today I invite you to get acquainted with the technology of using games with Gyenes blocks.

With the help of logic games blocks we can in a complex form all the mental skills that are important for mental development and prepare the thinking of children for the assimilation of mathematics.

Because they contribute to the development of such mental operations as classification, grouping objects by properties, eliminating the superfluous, analysis and synthesis, children learn to guess, prove their answers, remember material faster, are more confident in their abilities, adapt more easily to a new environment, are better prepared for school.

Creator of logical blocks is Zoltan Gyenes, world-famous Hungarian professor, mathematician, specialist in psychology, creator of a progressive author's methodology for teaching children - "new mathematics".

Didactic set "Brain teaser blocks» consists of 48 three-dimensional figures. Each figure is characterized by four properties. Let's remember what (name these properties)- color, shape, size and thickness.

Correctly.

a) four forms (circle, triangle, square, rectangle); why is there no green color?

b) three colors (red, blue, yellow);

c) two sizes (big small);

d) two types of thickness (thick, thin).

There are no identical figures in the set.

Also in games with logic blocks cards with property symbols are used. Properties are conditionally marked on the cards blocks(color, shape, size, thickness) (Show block of this color, this form is a presentation)

And cards with negative properties, pay attention to the crossed out cards, for example: not red. The use of such cards allows children to develop the ability to model properties, the ability to encode and decode information about them.

In addition to voluminous blocks, in my work I use a set of flat figures.

Detailed application technology blocks can be found by studying literature such as

Logic and mathematics for preschoolers. E. A. Nosova, R. L. Nepomnyashchaya. The book describes how to use Gyenes blocks and Kuizener sticks for children 2-6 years old. A description of various games is given.

let's play: math games for kids 5-6 years old. Edited by A. A. Stolyar The book will help to form the first elementary mathematical representations and a certain logical structure of thinking in children of 5-6 years old. It includes 59 logical and mathematical games with numerous options for conditions and a description of their implementation.

Games and exercises with logical blocks you can offer to children in the classroom and during free hours, both in kindergarten and at home. If you supplement them with other educational games and game tasks, "saturate" new game tasks, actions, plots, roles, etc., then this will only help children overcome intellectual difficulties.

There are several groups of games Gyenes blocks.

1 group of games. These are games of revealing and abstracting properties.

They develop the ability to distinguish from one to four properties in objects, to abstract one from the other, to name them. With their help, children will get the first ideas about replacing properties with signs-symbols, master the ability to strictly follow the rules when performing actions, and come closer to understanding that breaking the rules does not allow you to get the right result.

("Find the treasure", "Highway", "Unusual Figures" and etc)

2 group of games. Classification, generalization, comparison.

They help develop in children the ability to classify, generalize and compare objects according to one, two, three or four properties. First, kids master the ability to classify and generalize according to given properties, and then - according to independently selected ones ( "Where is whose garage", "Settled houses"). ("Track", "Find a Pair", "Catch a Three", "Domino").

3 group of games. Logical actions and operations.

These games and exercises are intended mainly for older preschool children. They will help develop in children the ability to divide sets into classes according to compatible properties, develop the ability to perform logical operations "not", "and", "or", the ability to use these operations to build correct statements, encode and decode information about the properties of objects. As a result, the child will be able to freely reason, justify the legitimacy or fallacy of his actions ( "Help the figures get out of the forest", "Build a house", "Undress blocks» ).

The presented games and exercises, with some exceptions, are given in three versions. Let's look at these options on the example of a game "Highway", another name for this game - "Build a Path". In this game, children build a track, the construction rules are written in the table. The arrow shows which figure follows which one, you can start with any figure. Games and exercises of the first option (I) develop in kids the ability to operate with one property. Highway game 1

With the help of games and exercises of the second option (II) develop the ability to operate with two properties at once. Highway game 2

Games and exercises of the third option (III) form the ability to operate with three properties at once. Highway game 3

Showing game options on an example game "Highway".

Before starting work with children, it is necessary to establish on which rung of the intellectual ladder each child is located. If a child easily and accurately copes with tasks of a certain level, this is a signal that he should be offered games and exercises of the next difficulty group. However, it is possible to transfer the child to subsequent game exercises only if he has grown out of the previous ones, that is, when they are not difficult for him. If, however, children are kept at a certain level or given more complex games and exercises prematurely, then interest in classes will disappear. Children are drawn to mental tasks when they are difficult for them, but doable.

In our kindergarten, work with blocks has been going on for 20 years in all age groups, a system of classes has been developed using Logical blocks.

Junior preschool age

Since logical blocks are standards of shapes - geometric shapes (circle, square, equilateral triangle, rectangle, they can be widely used starting from early age. Children get to know blocks in various activities. During the manipulation with blocks children set that they have different shapes, colors and sizes.

In order to more effectively familiarize children with the properties of logical blocks you can offer them the following tasks:

find the same shapes as this one by color (shape, size);

find shapes other than this one, according to the shape (by size, by color);

find the blue pieces (triangular, red, square, large)

name the color of this figure (shape, size). (we play)

After such self-acquaintance with blocks you can move on to games and exercises.

In the first younger group, children operate with one property, at the beginning of the year it is a color or value, and at the end of the year we add a shape. We use games for grouping objects, identifying and abstracting properties.

In the second younger group, children begin to operate with two properties at the same time and divide the sets into classes according to one property, use the logical operation "not" (all round, all not round).

Middle and senior preschool age.

AT middle group children operate with two, and at the end of the year with three properties at the same time. Divide the set according to two compatible properties.

At the older preschool age, games become more emotional and rich, children show elements of creativity and already operate with three or four properties, using logical operations. "not", "and", "or".

And now I want to introduce you to one of the games called "Undress blocks» . And although this game is intended mainly for children of older preschool age, with regular classes with blocks, we can play it with the children of the second younger group.

I would like to draw your attention to

I want to bring your attention to,

Mathematics is an exact science, therefore, following the methodology of conducting logical and mathematical games, I am based on the stages of activity

Stages: 1-plot (string,

the second stage is the development of the plot, during which children become active participants:

Master, transform, change information about the properties, relationships, dependencies of objects, shapes, sizes, numbers;

Master the system of cognitive actions (ways of knowing): examine objects, abstract, compare, group and classify;

They generalize, draw conclusions, predict the development of the situation, schematize, use signs and symbolic substitutions.

3- debriefing

Analysis of a life situation similar to the one that took place during the logic-mathematical game;

Focusing the attention of children on the most striking event of the logical and mathematical game (plot, action);

Creation of an imaginary situation based on a logical-mathematical game.

14 SLIDE Game "Undress blocks-1»

Target: develop the ability to split a set of one property into two subsets, perform a logical operation "not".

For this game we need blocks and two toys(bunny and bear).

Imagine that you are children. I ask five people to come out.

The guys, Bunny and the bear cub quarreled, they can’t share the candy in any way. Let's help them and share the candies so that the bunny has all the red ones.

What candy does the bunny have? (all red) What about the mouse? NOT…

You can share next time. blocks by shape.

When children learn to share blocks between toys playing this hoop game.

For example, blocks are flowers, and the hoop is a vase, we put some flowers in a vase, and lay the others around.

Note that we have two places: inside the hoop and behind the hoop.

Target: to develop the ability to split a set into two compatible ones, to perform a logical operation "not", "and", "or".

And again we offer to help toys. Let's treat the bunny and the teddy bear with pies. Teddy bear loves "round" pies, and a hare - "yellow".

At this stage, it is convenient to use cards with the designation of these properties.

During the game, the children find out that there are sweets that suit both the teddy bear and the hare (we put them in a box between toys, and there are also sweets that do not suit anyone (put them in a bucket aside).

During the game, the candies are constantly moving from one place to another until the children find the right solution.

I suggest you play and share candies. Again I invite five people.

After all the candies are shared,

What kind of sweets does the bear cub have? (round not yellow) At the bunny? (yellow not round) What are the common ones? (round and yellow) Which ones didn't hit anyone? (not round and not yellow).

If in the first games the children cannot answer these questions, do not try to answer them. They will do it themselves in the next games.

You can enter a rule: if someone notices an error, says "stop" and fixes it. This increases attention and develops mutual control.

First you need to find out how many places you got (four); you can invite the child to jump to any place and name it or put a toy (1st place - inside all hoops; 2nd place - inside red, but outside blue; 3rd place - inside blue, but outside red; 4th place - outside the hoops).

Then we put on hoops and blocks images and offer game tasks (flower beds, fish - aquariums, bird feeders, etc.).

The game "Undress Blocks - 3»

Target: to develop the ability to split the set according to three compatible properties, to perform a logical operation "not", "and", "or", evidence-based thinking.

Now we take three toys (wolf, hare, fox) and we will share between them blocks for building houses.

To begin with, we will designate places for blocks: 1 - suitable for all toys, 2 - a wolf and a hare, 3 - a hare and a fox, 4 - a fox and a wolf, 5 - they do not suit anyone.

Now let's split blocks so so that the wolf is all round, the hare is all big, the fox is all blue. To make it easier to remember the rule, we place property cards next to the toys.

What figures turned out to be common to all toys? (round large blue) What figures were found only in the wolf? (round not big not blue) Only the rabbit? (big not round not blue) Only the fox (blue not big not round) What figures are common for a wolf and a hare? (round big not blue) For wolf and fox? (round blue not big) For a hare and a fox? (large blue ones are not round) What figures did not fit anyone? (small (not big) not round not blue).

If the child, characterizing the group, names only two of the three properties, we draw his attention to other groups blocks, which have the specified properties; then we ask him to name the group again, but in such a way that it cannot be confused with any other.

When repeating the exercise, the partitioning rule blocks are called by children. Each time a different combination of properties is indicated - the bases of the partition blocks.

For example, divide the figures so that the wolf is all thin, the hare is all triangular, the fox is all small, or the wolf is all large, the hare is all blue, the fox is all thick; the wolf is all yellow, the fox is all red, the hare is all square, etc.

If as a result of unfolding blocks some places(boxes) turn out to be empty, we encourage the children to find out and tell why it happened, while in every possible way we stimulate evidence-based thinking. (Why did certain figures end up here? Why is this or another place without figures? Why can’t certain figures be put together with others)

Further exercises can be carried out as "games with three hoops".

First, we invite the children to put a toy or jump on any of the places in the hoops and name where it is. located: 1st - inside all three hoops, 2nd - inside the yellow and red, but outside the blue hoop, 3rd - inside the red and blue, but outside the yellow training, 4th - inside the yellow and blue, but outside the red hoop, 5th - inside the yellow, but outside the red and blue hoop, 6th - inside the red, but outside the yellow and blue hoop, 7th - inside the blue, but outside the yellow and red hoop, 8th - outside all hoops .

Then the children solve various game tasks proposed adults: they plant a front garden with flowers, lay out cakes on a festive table, make a mosaic, and so on. Partitioning rules blocks they offer themselves. For example, lay out the cakes on dishes so that all red cakes are on the red dish, all triangular ones are on the blue one, all thick cakes are on the yellow one, or make a mosaic so that all the round pieces of glass are in the red window, all the big ones are in the blue one, in yellow - all yellow, etc.

As a result of using the Games with Gyenes blocks preschoolers develop a logical thinking: the ability to analyze, draw conclusions, summarize, compare, classify and complete preschool education children not only have elementary ideas mathematicians, but also model the concepts of computer science.

Using this tool for several years, I want to note that during games with Gyenes blocks children develop a strong interest in math games and mental activity in general. Children become more active, proactive and independent in the learning process.

Many years of experience allows us to speak about high achievements in preparing graduates of our kindergarten for school (diagram)

Reflection

Our meeting has come to an end. So that I can evaluate my work, I propose to establish feedback. Try to answer these questions.

How has your initial knowledge changed?

What was useful? What new did you learn? Will it work for you? Was it familiar to you? Does the initial knowledge correspond to the new? What impression did you get on master class? Will you use it at work? What remains unclear? What can really be applied?

In many countries, the technique of the mathematical logic game of Z. Gyenesh or, as it is also called, Denyesh blocks, is very popular, for early development abilities for flexible, free thinking in preschoolers and younger schoolchildren. Recently (since the 90s Russian production of didactic material has been established), this system of game exercises, as well as the author's set of visual aids, has been successfully practiced by domestic teachers in order to implement the tasks of the cognitive and intellectual development of children. Positive experience has been accumulated in the practical implementation of the pedagogical system in correctional and mixed-age groups.

Gyenesch's Author's Theory: Six Steps to Learning Math Concepts for Kids

Zoltan Gyenes is a famous Hungarian mathematician, practicing teacher and psychologist who radically changed the stereotypical perception of mathematics as a routine and uncreative scientific discipline. The game technique of Z. Gyenesh is aimed at helping children of preschool and primary school age in an entertaining way to master a variety of mathematical concepts, form and develop the most important intellectual skills and psychological processes necessary for the implementation of independent logical thinking.

Personal pedagogical experience and knowledge in the field of developmental child psychology helped Z. Gyenes to invent and implement the concept of six steps in learning mathematics for the smallest. In addition, the theory received original methodological equipment with a set of didactic materials in the form of additional game aids and visual logical blocks, which became an effective tool for developing the creative and mental potential of children. The methodology is used both in official pedagogy and in the system of self-education.

The idea of six steps for mastering mathematical knowledge and skills has been successfully tested in practice and proved its effectiveness. The content features of each stage received their author's name:

Free creative game. The content of this phase consists in setting a specific task for the child by the teacher. In search of a solution, the kid sorts through spontaneous options, experimentally finds the correct answer. This is the stage of introducing the child to the task that needs to be resolved. So begins teaching the child mathematical wisdom.
Rules of the game. Having overcome the stage of trial and error, the baby proceeds to the second phase - learning the rules of the game. It is important for the educator or parent to correctly and clearly convey to the mind of the child essential information about the rules for achieving the desired result.
Matching phase. Taking the third step, the child is faced with the need to perform a mental operation of comparison. The author of the method suggests that adults try out the idea of several similar games in the game with children, but with different didactic material. For example, first we play blocks, then cut out the figures of animals or lay out geometric shapes. We must see that the child independently solves the algorithm for the correct achievement of the goal, regardless of the game material. Thus, you can make sure that the baby's intellectual actions are meaningful, and are not the result of mechanical memorization and automatic reproduction. This stage is necessary for the development of abstract thinking abilities.
Introduction to the abstract number symbol. At the fourth stage, various schemes, cards and game tables will be in demand for the development of visual perception, the formation of visualization skills, and acquaintance with the abstract meaning of numbers.
symbolic stage. The fifth step brings the child to the conclusion that the logical chains of different game series lead to a common result. For understanding game cards a special language of symbols is needed, which the baby himself creates in the process of classes.
Stage of independent conclusions. The final stage will be the longest. The kid, with the help of an adult, studies the meaning of the terms axiom and theorem, independently draws the necessary logical conclusions based on the description of the rules of playing cards.

The possibilities of the manual are not limited to classes on the formation of elementary mathematical knowledge, you can play games of Gyenish when studying of English language. Preschoolers post images, choosing the right shapes and commenting on their actions (“big blue triangle”, “little yellow square”)

Gjenish developed his methodology for children in the age range from two to eight years, taking into account the intellectual and psychological characteristics, so mathematical lessons are perceived with enthusiasm and dedication. Adults need to be patient in studying the theoretical part of the method, as well as deal with the set didactic aids. The developed ability of the baby to quickly and freely cope with complex mental exercises will be a worthy reward for parents and caregivers for their diligence and perseverance.

The program of classes with blocks: goals and objectives for different age groups

Goals of early development methodology mathematical ability Z. Gyenisha:

Acquaintance with the basic geometric shapes, as well as the concept of a form standard, the formation of the ability to determine the color and size of an object, the development of the idea of a set;
Acquisition of primary skills of algorithmic thinking;
Activation of memory, development of the ability to concentrate and hold attention, as well as mental processes of imagination and speech;
Formation of spatial thinking, modeling and design skills;
Actualization of creative potential;
The development of an intellectual culture of thinking: the ability to compare, generalize, systematize, make an independent analysis, understand the meaning of an abstract sign, encode and decipher information, argue one's statements.
Education of personal initiative and strong-willed qualities in achieving the educational goal, solving practical problems and overcoming obstacles.

Features and general rules use of visual aids for each age category:

The ability to define one property (shape, color, size or thickness).

The first junior group (2-3 years old) - Z. Gyenes blocks are in demand from the middle of the school year as an additional element in gaming activities. The educator gradually includes blocks, additional diagrams and cards in order to form and consolidate ideas about one property of the object. The acquired skill of operating with a single property of an object is applied not only to the game manual, but also to fairy-tale literary characters, thus expanding the space of game modeling and activating the fantasy and imagination of children. For greater comfort and effectiveness of classes, it is recommended to distribute children into small subgroups.

Video: Gyenes logical blocks in the I junior group

Feature matching skills.

The second younger group (3-4 years old) - the teacher connects the concept of the second qualitative distinctive property, by the end of the school year, children freely distinguish between two properties of the object and its symbolic encrypted image in the form of a card. The ability to read cards containing coded information about the properties of an object is developed, and the acquired skills are used in a logical game.
Middle group (4-5 years old) - during the year, children master the skill of identifying and comparing three characteristics. Gradually, the negative particle “not” is introduced into the speech lexicon. Situations are actively played when each child is given three symbol cards and offered to select the corresponding logical blocks or figures, which then need to be used as building blocks according to a given algorithm of actions, for example, for the joint construction of a building or the construction of a road, a playground, etc. .

Improving acquired skills in the face of increasing complexity of tasks for logical operations of systematization and classification.

Senior and preparatory group(5–7 years) - the practice of using cards for three properties continues, by the end of the academic year a fourth property is introduced. The task of the teacher is to teach children to strictly follow the rules of the game, to fix in the mind of the child the understanding that a violation of the correct sequence will not achieve the desired result. The range of game exercises becomes more diverse and complex due to the use of new didactic tools such as hoops and algorithmic schemes.

Logic cubes, as well as cards - symbols, will help children come up with a variety of games, and these games, in turn, will be useful for mastering the actions of substitution and visual modeling, coding and decoding

In carrying out the final diagnosis of the success of pedagogical activity according to the method of Z. Gyenesh, one should be guided by the following predicted result:

Pupils improve communication skills, the desire for cooperation in educational and gaming activities increases.
Logical thinking develops, the cognitive and creative potential of children is revealed.
Children show more independence and activity.
The initial stage of mastering mathematical knowledge is successfully overcome, interest in this academic discipline is laid.

Didactic material Z. Gyenes

The most important psychological indicators of the development of logic and concentration, imagination, non-standard thinking and memory will receive an additional incentive for development.
Working with the author's visual aids will develop speech, form the skills of analysis and systematization, teach you how to summarize information, and reveal the creative potential of the child.

Each figure is characterized by four properties. The main goal is to teach the child to decide logical tasks on partitioning by properties Flat variant of Gyenes blocks. The kits can be widely used for: familiarizing children with the standards of forms, teaching actions with the standards Cubes, the sides of which contain coded properties (shape, color, size, thickness) and the negation of properties (a crossed out sign) Cubes, the sides of which contain properties, the negation of properties, as well as numbers from three to eight Cards contain encoded information about the properties of the object The child takes a card with an example, solves it by decoding and selects the appropriate block card The game "find a house for a lost figure", in some houses one figure can live, in some - several Each ball is selected by solving a symbol card Correct decoding of information will allow you to select the necessary blocks and figures Each page of the album is an illustration on which the child will once place blocks of the appropriate color, size and shape according to the model 1 option - propose to settle one resident, 2 - two residents in each apartment. You can easily draw such a diagram yourself This is how you can draw a symbol card by hand At home, the album can be replaced with a regular coloring book Scheme for making logical figures Parameters of the sides of logical figures

Math blocks

The classic set of methodological blocks includes 48 parts of various colors, sizes and shapes. The elements are made in accordance with the main list of geometric shapes and have the following characteristics:

Four block shapes: square, round, triangle and rectangle;
Three color options: blue, red and yellow.
Two thickness options: thick, thin;
Two size options: large, small.

It is also fundamentally important that the set does not contain identical geometric blocks.

Video: Gyenyes Logic Blocks

One set for organizing classes in a small subgroup contains 24 flat figures, which include an equal number (6 elements each) of squares, triangles, rectangles and circles, while the same as blocks that differ in color (red, yellow, blue) and size (large, small). Visual material with logical figures it is necessary to work with the concept of a form standard, to learn how to manipulate standards.

Cubes, the sides of which contain an encoded image of characteristics (shape, color, size, thickness) and the negation of properties (a crossed out sign), as well as a cube and numbers from three to eight on each face. This didactic material is important for the implementation of mastering the mental operations of substitution, sign encryption, decryption, and spatial modeling. The originality of logic cubes lies in the variability of the spontaneous choice of properties, which is made by throwing a cube, and this always arouses delight and interest in children.

Cards with symbolic transfer of information about the properties of the object, as well as arithmetic examples.

It will help the child to master the cultural tradition of the sign, encoded in the symbol, the transfer of information about the characteristics of the subject.
Develop the ability to perform abstract mental operations, decipher symbols.
Builds mental counting skills.

Albums, algorithmic schemes

The goal is to teach the child to strictly follow the rules, strictly follow the prescribed sequence of steps. Schematically indicate the path that needs to be done to solve the problem.

Ribbons or hoops can serve as additional didactic tools to define the playing area, with their help you can expand the range of exercise options, make them more varied and exciting.

Do-it-yourself Z. Gyenish materials

Most of the games can be played using flat figures, and they can be cut out of cardboard, colored paper, painted with colored pencils or paints, variants of card schemes can also be invented independently by analogy with ready-made ones and drawn by hand. If it's hard to find sets additional cards or albums on sale, you can print algorithmic or digital maps, album options on a color printer.

Each page of the album is an illustration on which the child has to place blocks of the appropriate color, size and shape according to the model. The pictures are structured according to the principle "from simple to complex" - at the beginning there are drawings consisting of a minimum number of details

Card file of games

At the beginning of the lesson, it is necessary to explain to the child what the didactic material is and how it can be used in the game. We pour the contents of the set in front of the baby and let them touch, look, play. Objects from the didactic set of Z. Gyenes are used by the child in different ways in play activities: lay out, replace one block with another, rearrange, hide, find, distribute between toy characters, etc.

Determining the properties of an object - games for the little ones

A box for game elements can become an improvised "house" with "windows" corresponding to the shape of the blocks. The kid with interest and excitement will collect blocks through special holes.
We put the elements from the set in an opaque bag or fabric bag and ask the child to identify and name the object of a given shape by touch, justify his choice by voicing the sign, then get the necessary block and make sure the result is correct.
We lay out all the game elements in front of the baby and ask them to make a systematic selection by properties, sorting the blocks separately in the form of a circle, square, etc. color.
Playing in a sequential chain, alternating blocks according to a certain logical attribute (color, shape or thickness). The task may change variably, for example, first we ask you to continue the logical sequence in accordance with the pattern laid down in the exercise, or remove an extra object. The level of difficulty of this task can also be gradually raised by adding new game conditions.

Video: Gyenesh Logic Block Game

Revealing properties and performing a comparison operation

The game "Count and say how many figures."

The purpose of the exercise: to form the ability to correctly and accurately formulate a question, to develop the skills of determining the properties of objects, as well as comparing according to various parameters.

Game scenario: Two teams of players participate. The teacher randomly lays out multi-colored blocks of various shapes and sizes and asks the children to ask questions that will begin with the phrase “How much ...?”. Everyone is true question asked receives one point, the team with the most points wins.

Possible questions: “How many small blocks?”, “How many red pieces are in the second row?”, “How many blue thin pieces?” etc.

Protozoa logical task on the regularity of one property A game to study one property The kid will fold such figures with interest on his own. You can also use cards with geometric patterns. The children were named three properties of the figures in order, starting from the first row. The child who had the necessary figure went out and laid out his block in the right place on the Christmas tree. The teacher plays the role of a conductor and distributes tickets to the children - geometric shapes. The same blocks are already on the bus seats. The guys need to find their place on the ticket The task of the hoop is to outline the playing areas to complete the task of sorting blocks

Blocks can be used to figuratively replace any object in a playful fairy tale or literary plot, for example, a large yellow round block will become an appetizing jar of honey for Winnie the Pooh, and a child’s fantasy can easily turn a yellow triangle into a goldfish.

You can offer the child to distribute gifts to his toys, for example, the bear will like round gifts, and the doll will like triangular ones, so only the necessary elements need to be selected from the whole set. The game will become more interesting if new friends appear in it, for example, the bear has his little brother, for whom, accordingly, smaller gifts will be needed, and the doll has a younger sister.

Game "Little amateur gardeners"

Working with symbols

The game "Decorate the Christmas tree with balls."

There should be five horizontal rows of three balls each. The number in the picture indicates the order of the ball, we start counting from the top of the tree. An example of filling the second row. The first ball is a big red circle, the second is a small red triangle, the third is a big red rectangle. Place the rest of the balls in the same way.

Sets "Logical figures" can be widely used by the educator in the pedagogical process when introducing children to the standards of forms, teaching actions with standards

Game "Pick a couple"

Purpose: Improving the ability to visually memorize and retain information in memory, develop the ability to recognize and operate with symbolic cards.

The game involves twenty-two pictures with symbols without negation. All cards are randomly shuffled and then laid out with the back side of six cards in each horizontal row. Thus, four remain in the lowest row.

The player turns over two self-chosen cards, if they are the same, then keeps for himself, after which he repeats his move. If the symbols of the cards are different, then he turns them upside down and puts them in place, trying to remember the image. All children carefully observe the manipulations with cards, since the task of each player is to collect the maximum number of paired cards, and for this it is necessary to remember the location of the previously opened cards. Each child who enters the game repeats similar actions, the one who scored the most cards wins.

Video: educational games for children with Gyenish blocks using a diagram map.

Games for systematization and logical actions

To conduct the game, you will need colored ribbons or hoops that outline the area of \u200b\u200bthe task so that two non-intersecting circles of different colors are formed on the floor. Explain the concepts of "inside", "outside". The task of the child is to place blocks of the corresponding color in each circle. The next task will relate to classification by shape, for example, we place only round blocks in a circle, and triangular ones outside. You can complicate the exercise by creating a zone of intersection of the hoops, thus forming three areas: left, right and common, in which the circles intersect. We ask the child to sort the blocks, for example, red ones should be in the right zone, all round ones in the left zone, and blue triangular ones in the general one. Additionally, you can ask to place all non-red blocks - outside the circles.

Formation of an operation for classifying blocks by two, three, four features with and without codes. Determination of intersection areas in hoop games. Development of logical thinking, attention

Game "Kid-architect".

The goal is to develop the skills of designing, decoding, reading diagrams and algorithmic maps. Additionally, you will need images of crossed out objects (“not properties”), drawings, diagrams or ready-made albums with pictures, which consist of combinations of logical forms.

We draw a drawing diagram (or take a ready-made one) to build a building, ask the child to select a building material, according to the instructions, and complete the task step by step. For example, for the construction of the first floor, we need three non-red rectangular elements, the second floor will consist of two non-yellow and non-round blocks, etc.

Video: Developing Attention with Gyenesch Blocks (using the Album)

Game "Digital Mosaic"

The child takes a card with an example, solves it by decoding and selects the appropriate block. Then, for example, such a card means that he must take a red thick circle and put it on the tractor figure, blocking the contour number six with a block.

Advantages and disadvantages of the author's method of Gyenes, reviews of teachers and parents

Advantages:

The system excludes the traditional educational approach to the study of mathematics with cramming the rules from textbooks and notes in notebooks.
Classes are held in an exciting game form in a relaxed creative atmosphere.
The child acquires an understanding of the most complex mathematical skills of analysis, synthesis, coding, algorithmization without realizing the complexity of these mental operations.

Disadvantages, according to parents, since teachers and methodologists of preschool education did not find any shortcomings of the method of Z. Gyenesh:

The technique is purposefully focused on the development and improvement of mathematical abilities, not taking into account other ways of thinking.
Limited color range and diversity in Z. Gyenish blocks.
For children of the older age category, one set is not enough to resolve more complex exercises.
It is often difficult for parents to find ready-made albums and character cards for sale.

If you have not heard anything about this popular system, then we invite you to get acquainted with it and find out what the Gyenesh block is. In fact, this is another system of early child development that works on a par with the Montessori method and many others. It has its own differences, as it contributes to immersion in the world of logic, cause-and-effect relationships, numbers and puzzles, while many others emphasize a general acquaintance with the world. That is why the Gyenes block is so interesting. You can start classes from an early age. With a unique set of stimulus material, you can pick up so many different games that will differ in level of complexity radically that it will be useful for both a one-year-old baby and a younger student.

The history of the creation of an educational toy

It was developed and implemented by a unique person, mathematician and psychologist, Zoltan Gyenes. For the first time, he was able to create a completely simple and inexpensive game (Gyenes block), which fits in a small box, but never gets bored, since there are a lot of options for playing with it. So that parents do not worry about whether they can come up with different tasks every day, they are offered several colorful albums, each page of which offers a separate, bright and colorful lesson. The task of creating this game was to make mathematics closer and more understandable, to teach the basics of complex science through exciting games. And so the Gyenes bloc was born.

How is the study of mathematics?

Zoltan Gyenes studied the features of the cognitive processes of children and noted an interesting detail. Almost everyone comprehends the basics of mathematics, but as soon as it comes to more complex operations that require logical thinking, most students stop understanding the essence. They try to follow the pattern, but the solution is different every time. Then the scientist concluded that this was the first stage in the study of mathematics: a chaotic search for solutions and inevitable mistakes. This is the free play stage, but each of these games must contain rules. Their study is an important task.

Only then do children come to the conclusion that certain actions lead to the same results. And only then comes the realization that the conclusions drawn in the process can be theorems. The program of high school and not only easily falls on such a base.

What is a game?

When you open the box, you may be somewhat disappointed. Gyenes logical blocks represent a set of wooden figures that differ from each other in a number of ways. This is a shape, there are circles, squares, triangles and rectangles. In addition, they differ in color (yellow, red and blue), size (large and small) and thickness (thick and thin). Gyenes blocks for the little ones are already of great interest, they can be felt, shifted, stacked on top of each other.

With older kids it's more difficult. If you take out the figurine and say that there is a large red square in front of the child, after 5 minutes he will do other things. That is why the developers have created a whole atlas, a user manual, which contains a huge number of colorful tasks and games. The kid will not be bored, because the tasks will be different every day, from simple to complex.

Who is the game for?

Age range - from 2 to 8 years. Each task has several levels of difficulty, passing which, the baby will grow and develop. This is not the kind of toy that will gather dust in the closet. Gyenesh logical blocks are an excellent system for developing not only logical thinking, but also cognitive processes. These are memory, attention, perception and imagination. The brain of a child, even before school, will master such operations as comparison, analysis, classification and generalization. Toddlers will quickly learn colors in a playful way.

Before classes, do not forget to give the child the opportunity to play with the figures, build a house, a turret out of them, in order to smoothly move on to learning. And when choosing games, consider the age and intellectual capabilities of the baby.

DIY Gyenes blocks

If you do not have the opportunity to purchase ready-made manuals, then do not be discouraged. Most games can be organized with flat figures as well. The fact is that the wooden figures themselves are only part of the game. The "Let's Play" set contains a flat version of the blocks that you can play with successfully. And it can also be downloaded, printed, cut and pasted over with tape. So, the whole set will cost you a maximum of 200 rubles. Doing Gyenes blocks with your own hands is not very difficult and not difficult at all.

The same applies to albums that contain all the tasks. The set comes with instructions that include a few basic games, but that won't last long. In this case, you can also look for a solution in specialty stores or on sites dedicated to early childhood development (Gyenesch blocks). The album, like other manuals, can be printed on a color printer.

Playing with the little ones

You can start classes as early as a year old, but showing the material for reference only. Closer to two years, it will already be possible to start mastering the first album. These are Gyenes blocks for the little ones. The essence of this work is to acquaint the child with the basic properties of objects and the concepts that designate them. Very soon, your baby will be free to navigate in such characteristics as color, shape, size, thickness. In addition, he learns to isolate generalizing features, to combine objects into groups, etc.

Main games

If you made Gyenes blocks with your own hands, then the concepts of “thick-thin” will not be available, since the figures are made on a plane, unless dad agrees to cut the figures out of wood for the baby. Otherwise, they are absolutely identical to the original set. The very first game is "Find the Objects". All that are yellow, square, large, and so on. When you learn how to deal with it, complicate the task by acting on the contrary. For example, ask to find all non-red shapes. Don't forget to praise and encourage.

Exclusion of excess is another exciting game. Lay out a chain of red figures, adding one blue one to it, and ask them to remove the excess. This lesson can be modified indefinitely, creating a "train" in a certain sequence. For example, a blue circle, a red circle, again blue and red, then blue, and the child himself will continue. The combination can be gradually complicated. You can collect pairs - a large and small triangle, a blue square and a circle, and so on. It is always fun to finish the lesson by drawing up a drawing from the figures. It can be a person, a flower or a machine. Gyenes blocks for little ones are an amazing way to have fun and explore the world.

Additional cards

When your child has mastered all the variations of these games, it's time to move on to a new stage. For this, a huge number of possibilities have prepared Gyenesh blocks. Tasks will become more difficult over and over again, not letting you get bored. Now you need to buy or print a new album that contains a set of cards. Signs of the figure are encoded on them in symbolic form.

The color is indicated by a spot in the form of a cloud.
The size is the silhouette of the house, it can be large or small.
Form - black outline of the figure (circle, square, triangle).
Thickness - funny little man, fat or thin (thin).

Such puzzles are very fond of children. But there is a catch here. Remember about finding figurines from the contrary? This is also preserved in ciphers. That is, the card may contain two spots, red and yellow, each of which is crossed out with a line. This means that the desired object is not red and not yellow, but blue. If, in addition, there is a square outline on the card, then the solution is found. We need a blue square.

Logic cubes

This is a separate material that is sold with the kit, but you can also make it yourself by downloading the diagram, cutting and assembling the cube along the dotted lines. This is an ordinary cube, on the sides of which there are signs of objects, just as you see on the cards described above. There are 5 dice in total, each dedicated to attributes such as size, shape, thickness, color, and negation symbols. There is also a digital cube.

it game element, he introduces a bit of random choice into the activity, when you roll a die, and he chooses for you the signs of an object with which you will have to interact further. Children love this very much.

Games - Adventure

Serious activities may not be to the heart of your baby. Then do not insist, but simply tell a fairy tale. For example, about the fact that each of you is a royal gardener, and the king gave the task to plant flowers in a flower bed. Now, by rolling the die, you will determine what kind of flowers each of the participants in the game will grow. Perhaps the king will even give gifts to his gardeners.

In a similar way, you can choose treats for cubs and squirrels, determining what signs the cookies should have for one and for the other. The instruction gives a number of games that are sure to suit your children. Older kids will love to collect different schemes. Gyenes Blocks is a game that never gets boring.

Card games

These manuals open up a whole new world, the child feels like a real scout going on an adventure. But gradually the ardor cools, then we can offer to play new games. For example, hide a sticker with a picture of your favorite animal under one of the figures and tell the child that the cat (or dog) is in trouble and only he can save it. Now present the card, which is the card. For example, a sticker under a big red square. Then you will need a card with a red spot, a large house and an outline of a square. And to confuse him, complicate the task by finding a card with a description of some not blue, not a small object.

Working with children 5-8 years old

Three colorful albums serve for this purpose: "Rescuers come to the rescue", "In search of sunken treasure", "Holiday in the country of blocks". Working with Gyenes blocks at this stage develops logical thinking, teaches you to identify a certain property of an object. You can teach your child to count by laying out a different number of blocks in two rows, and ask them to determine which one is larger, and, for example, to equalize them. Various tables become new tasks, a classic grid for "tic-tac-toe", in which some of the cells are filled with images of figures, and in the rest there are question marks. You need to get the logic. Another task is to build a track according to a scheme in which the properties of objects are set. The child must not only solve, but also lay out in the correct sequence.

Kuizener sticks and Gyenesch blocks

Kuizener's sticks are another technique that helps you get to know the world of numbers. It is a set of sticks, each of which expresses a certain number in color and length. Today there are excellent manuals that combine these two techniques. If the album "Cuisine Shop" is designed to work with sticks, then "Land of Sticks and Blocks" is an even deeper immersion into the world of logic, mathematics and fun games. This makes it possible to master the first arithmetic problems, to operate with the concepts of "more and less", "plus", "minus", "equal". Cuizener sticks and Gyenes blocks are Big world mathematics for a small child.

Today in Russia, Gyenesh blocks in preschool educational institutions are widely used. This allows children to graduate more prepared and able not only to pass an ordinary school curriculum, but also to maintain an inquisitive research interest and a thirst for knowledge. Judging by the reviews, both children and adults like this technique with an abundance of variations and the absence of rigid frameworks. This is much better than buying a tenth doll or car for your baby. The only “disadvantage” compared to conventional toys is that parents will have to take part in the game.

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