Normative-technical documentation. Technological documentation for the processes of manufacturing garments. Calculation of the nutritional and energy value of the dish. III. Safety instructions
Technology table
performing hair coloring
When coloring your hair, remember that
The room temperature must be at least 22 degrees
unheated period of the summer months and 24 degrees in the heated
period of the winter months.
Stages
Coloring
hair includes
themselves following
stages
Description
selection of dye;
dye susceptibility test;
preparation for staining;
applying paint;
excerpt;
wash off paint.
To determine your hair type, you need
lift the strands and examine them during the day
lighting, because in the general mass the hair seems to be more
dark.
Dye selection
After a perm, usually used
tonic preparations. They not only make the color more
bright, but also improve the structure of the hair.
When dyed in natural color,
take into account a number of rules: the hair at the roots should always
be darker than at the ends, the hair in front is necessary
make it lighter than the back, and the upper ones a little lighter
lower.
Test for
susceptibility
drug
Preparing for
staining
If there is a tendency to allergies, it is necessary to carry out
test for susceptibility to this type of dye
in the following way:
behind the ear;
a small amount of the drug is applied to the skin
the dye is left for 24 hours;
if the skin turns red or appears
irritation, which means that the drug should be discarded.
Before dyeing, the head should not be washed in order to
preserved fatty layer, which protects
hair and scalp. Very dirty hair should be washed
once with shampoo without conditioner. Fund balances for
Styling is best removed by combing.
Application rules
paints
Rule 1. Facial skin.
The skin along the edges of the hair is smeared with a greasy cream,
oil or vaseline.
Rule 2. Gloves.
When staining, use special gloves,
since the paint adversely affects the skin of the hands and
nails.
Rule 3. Tools.
Bowls for diluting paint, as well as tools
for applying the drug, must be plastic or
ceramic, because when the dye reacts with
metal forms compounds that negatively
affect the hair and the quality of the paint.
rule
4.
Mixing
paints.
Paint
mixed immediately before application.
Rule 5. Applying paint.
The hair is divided into 4 zones, passing through the top of the head two
perpendicular parting. The dye is first applied to
partings, and then on the occipital zone, since it is colder,
and the color will be less intense. For whiskey and
hair above the forehead, the paint is applied last,
because there is the thinnest hair and they quickly her
perceive. If some strands need to be done
lighter than other hair, you need to apply dye first
right on them.
Rule 6. Applying red dye.
If stained with intense red
tones, the paint is applied to the hair along their entire length, retreating
from the roots by 23 cm. After the hair is saturated,
the dye is applied to the roots and tips.
Rule 7. Application time.
Paint needs to be applied accurately and quickly so that the color
turned out to be even. The entire application procedure should not
exceed 1015 minutes.
Rule 8. The thickness of the strands.
The thicker and thicker the hair, the thinner it should be.
strands on which paint is applied. Then she can
permeate every hair.
Rule 9. Re-staining.
If staining is repeated, the mixture
should be applied precisely so that it does not hit on earlier
dyed hair and they are not affected.
Rule 10. Rubber cap.
On the head after applying the paint should form
a kind of shell that will create a greenhouse effect and
will prevent the release of free oxygen. For
this, a special polyethylene or
rubber cap.
You must observe the exact exposure time. It
counted after the application of the dye.
With bed toning - 15 minutes.
With normal coloration, tone on tone or one tone lighter
(darker) - 3050 minutes.
With strong lightening - 50 minutes, otherwise the dye will not
can be fully manifested in the hair.
Excerpt
Washing off the paint
Before rinsing, dyes must be checked
whether the hair was dyed well. For this headband
combs move the dye at the roots and ends of the hair and
compare them.
When the desired color is achieved, it is necessary to carry out
emulsification. For this, a small amount is applied to the hair.
amount of warm water, lightly froth it and
distributed over the entire surface of the head, producing
massaging movements along the hairline.
After that, wash your hair with warm water, then
shampoo, treated with a neutralizing balm to
remove paint residue.
The textbook discusses general and special issues of designing elements and devices technological systems vacuum systems, thin-film technology equipment, vacuum devices with non-contact magnetic interaction, magnetic and electromagnetic systems of vacuum process equipment, l-coordinate actuators, devices based on wave motion and motion inputs into vacuum, support units, various transmission mechanisms, tribocouplers with modifying polymer coatings, electrostatic fasteners, as well as the issues of calculating the functional systems of vacuum equipment for the introduced level of pollution, gas emission, etc.
The educational material corresponds to the course "Theory of Mechanisms and Machines", it is clearly systematized, given in an understandable form. The text contains drawings, informative diagrams, tables and graphs. The main advantage of the textbook is the presence of a large number of methodologically effective practical examples with analysis of solutions.
Macro design of computer training systems
K. Yu. Shilin Programs Economic policy: between crisis and modernizationThe paper outlines the basics of macro-design of computer training systems, presents the basic conceptual apparatus and design technologies. Detailed technological tables of design stages, composition and organization of design work are given.
Methods for solving the main problems arising in the design of computer training systems are considered. The book is intended for specialists in the field of designing complex systems, masters and graduate students conducting research at the intersection of sciences in the fields of system engineering and pedagogy.
The book contains a large number of tables and illustrations that will help students to better understand the materials of the study guide.
Technological equipment
S. Kamenev Technical literature MissingThe workshop presents the basic materials for performing laboratory and practical work on the selection, design, use of technological equipment (devices). Each work includes: theoretical provisions, tables of normative data, recommendations for the stages of work, as well as control questions for self-examination.
Material science in 3 volumes. Volume 1. Abrasive materials 2nd ed., corrected. and additional Textbook for academic
Anatoly Petrovich Garshin Educational literature Universities in RussiaThe textbook "Materials Science" consists of three volumes. The first volume "Abrasive Materials" logically and consistently presents the entire technological cycle for the production of abrasive materials in lumps and grains (grinding materials) and methods for controlling their physical, mechanical, magnetic and other properties.
The publication is intended primarily for the training of engineering technologists, for whom knowledge of modern materials is a necessary condition for their successful work. Therefore, consideration of issues related to the use of abrasive materials with the use of this publication will improve the quality of training of specialists in engineering areas.
The publication is supplied with figures, tables, diagrams.
Business magazine №9/2013
Missing Publicism: other Business magazine 2013In room: The ruin of investment from the outside. – In the market, everyone needs buyers, but no one needs competitors. A sane investor will not create a strong competitor abroad for his compatriots. With an alternative view of foreign direct investment - "expert" Anatoly Wasserman.
Everything is formed! – The digital revolution has reached such a conservative sphere as education: online portals with educational content attract millions of users, and authors of popular online courses speak to hundreds of thousands of audiences. The revolution, however, raises the "damned" questions: how to monetize the successes achieved and how to integrate the emerging "online universities" into existing system education? Open connection.
– The team of the Russian company Fairwaves claims to have “reinvented GSM”. Start-ups have already begun to bring their own telecommunications solution to overseas markets. Isn't it strange to bet on the standard of cellular networks of the second generation today, in the era of widespread deployment of 4G? Shall we play organic? – Organic food production can serve as a good basis for the development of small farms in depressed rural areas.
True, this requires a national certification system. With its adoption, Russia has already been fairly delayed - even in comparison with other developing countries. In the logic of "eco". – Organic farms already exist in Russia. One of the first in 2008 to “feel” the organic niche was the Clean Food project from the Krasnodar Territory.
Its manager, Walter Borio, builds an agribusiness based on independent farmers: he leases plots of land certified to Italian standards to them, and then buys organic crops. Lessons of natural philosophy. – Over five years of biofarming, Alexander Pocheptsov proved from personal experience that the “organic” margin quite allows small agricultural enterprises to earn and develop without attracting loans even today, in the absence of regulation of the segment.
The Taming of Hydrogen. - Hydrogen is good for everyone as an energy carrier, if not for four problems: production, storage, transportation and safe use. Scientific institutions and corporations have been fighting them for almost half a century. Chemists, physicists, nanotechnologists, biologists and even genetic engineers are picking up the key to a hydrogen energy source that will someday cover all the energy needs of mankind.
First element. – There are many hydrogen enthusiasts among Russian developers who believe that the first element of the periodic table in the future must certainly take the first place in importance among energy carriers. "Business-Journal" "inspected" Russian start-ups that are closest to the commercialization of mass hydrogen technologies.
Criticism of pure gas. – Historically, the surge of interest in hydrogen energy has invariably coincided with the peak of hydrocarbon prices on world markets. The chance that appeared in 2008, this technology could not realize, unlike other types of alternative energy.
Now we have to wait for the next one, says Georgy Afanasyev, head of the Industry and Energy Expert Club. World Stream. - The future of the music business on the Internet lies precisely with the subscription model, and not with the sale of music “by the piece” or “by the album”.
The giants of the IT industry have already felt the trend and are trying to seize the initiative. Park area. – The industrial park is the quintessence of a transparent and understandable format. For an investor, the opportunity to see a site completely ready for his arrival is a powerful motivator.
This is proved by the Kaluga region, which has attracted a total of $5.3 billion in investments and acquired dozens of high-tech industries. Where the wind blows. Wind power is undergoing a quiet revolution around the world. Large operators in the US and China are ahead of all other segments of the energy market in terms of commissioned capacity, and start-ups are creating the basis for a technological breakthrough.
Broken phone. – Information flows within the company are like metabolism: they go unnoticed by the eye, but in case of violation they can disable the entire body for a long time. About methods of therapy - in an open lecture by Professor Alexandra Kochetkova.
Industrial dances of bank workers. – The largest investment banks in the world began to actively penetrate into the commodity business since the early 1980s. It seemed to them not enough to hold in their hands the market of derivative securities for commodity contracts. By taking over the storage and logistics infrastructure and taking control of the movement of large volumes of raw materials in their physical form, banks were able to manipulate prices.
Object design Catering
Z. V. Vasilenko Educational literature MissingTheoretical and practical issues of organizing the design of public catering facilities are considered. The methodology of substantiation of the concept of the future institution is presented. The sequence and methodology of technological calculations of all structural subdivisions of the designed object, the requirements for the development of its space-planning solution are described.
The features of the development of the concept and planning of public catering facilities using innovative service systems and specialized facilities are characterized. Reference materials and calculation tables are provided that allow you to independently and consistently perform all technological calculations and develop a planning solution for a catering facility.
For students of institutions of higher education specializing in "Production of products and organization of public catering", "Commercial activity at a public catering enterprise", "Economics and management at a service enterprise". Useful for teachers and practitioners.
(X)HTML, scripts and styles
Vadim Dunaev Programs Essentials (BHV)Techniques for creating Web sites using hypertext markup language (HTML, XHTML), cascading style sheets (CSS) and JavaScript scripts are considered. The necessary information is given and numerous examples of typical site development tasks are given.
The proposed solutions are invariant with respect to the five most popular browsers, such as Microsoft Internet Explorer 7.0, Mozilla Firefox 3.05, Opera 9.63, Apple Safari 3.2.1 for Windows and Google Chrome 1.0. Web programming techniques and solving practical problems in several ways to achieve the best result.
The appendices contain a quick introduction to HTML tags, CSS 2 properties, and a quick start guide to JavaScript. For beginner web programmers.
Guidelines for the training of inspectors for visual and measurement quality control of painting
Missing Technical literature MissingThe manual is a unique educational printed publication for professional controllers. This publication is an updated version of the course of lectures for the training of inspectors on visual and measuring quality control of painting works of the Central Research Institute of Structural Materials "Prometheus", the country's leading materials science institute.
The Prometheus Center has been successfully operating since 1997, having trained more than 2,000 qualified specialists in the field of quality control of painting work during this time. The book is intended to improve the professional level of workers in the anti-corrosion industry.
Contains the most complete information on corrosion and protection of metals, types of paints and varnishes, preparation and application of paintwork materials, control methods. The book contains many references to international and domestic standards. The book is addressed to engineers and technicians with experience in the field of applying paint and varnish coatings and their quality control, as well as for specialists in paint shops, technological departments and technical control departments of industrial enterprises; developers and manufacturers of paints and varnishes; specialists of technological departments of design bureaus of enterprises operating various objects of equipment (ships, building structures, underground and underwater communications, etc.);
P.). This manual can also be used in the process of training specialists at the enterprise. The publication is supplemented with the latest data, provided with a large number of diagrams, drawings, photographs and tables. High Quality, which greatly simplifies the development of the material.
Business magazine №01-02/2016
Missing Publicism: other Business magazine 2016The next issue of "Business Journal" - No. 1-2 (January-February) 2016 - a special issue entirely dedicated to the problems and growth points of Russian regions and summing up the economic results of 2015. The main economic challenges for most subjects of the federation in the past few years are the budget deficit, the growth of debt, the reduction of transfers from the federal center - with a declining revenue base.
The regions are now going through a painful period of searching for new growth drivers to replace the old ones that have stopped working. How is adaptation to new conditions going? The special issue analyzes the experience of using all the tools for the accelerated development of territories that have been used in recent years: technology parks, priority development areas, territorial development zones, industrial and technological clusters.
"Business Journal" also presents the "Common Arshin", which can be used to measure Russia - all the most authoritative ratings of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation of the past year, presented in one convenient table. With its help, you can create a complete picture of the situation in the Russian regions, taking into account such parameters as the effectiveness of regional management, investment attractiveness, innovative development, support for small and medium-sized businesses, etc.
e. From February 3, the journal is available through all distribution channels (http://b-mag.ru/circulation/). Are the polymers gone? The “petrochemical revolution” long announced by the Russian authorities, which was supposed to become a driver of economic development for a number of regions, did not really start in the prosperous years.
Now, in the era of cheap oil, there is simply not enough money for large petrochemical projects. It's a pity: they could give a serious impetus to growth - including small and medium-sized businesses along the entire technological chain. Postponed Problems In the context of a deteriorating economic environment, the most important factor influencing the effectiveness of the management of the region is the experience of its governor.
Rostislav Turovsky, professor at the Faculty of Social Sciences at the National Research University Higher School of Economics, shares his observations on the role of the individual at the regional level of government. On the Debt Needle The political and economic structure built in Russia since the mid-2000s and the system of income redistribution between the budgets of various levels have made the constituent entities of the Russian Federation heavily dependent on the federal center and its “redistributive” decisions.
In the last 5-6 years, many regions have actively covered the budget deficit through borrowing. Should we expect regional defaults in 2016? Technobooms A real boom in the construction of technoparks began in Russia in 2006, when the state, through a number of departmental programs, began to allocate money for this.
At the end of 2015, 179 such sites were opened throughout Russia. True, at the very least, there will be a little more than three dozen that meet the standards. What should a technopark look like to become a point of growth for the regional economy? What you need mono In Russia, 319 single-industry towns.
A third of these once-thriving industrial centers are now in decline: production is closing, infrastructure is deteriorating, and residents are left without work. About why monotowns are cheaper to develop than to close, Business Journal talks with Ilya Krivogov, General Director of the Monotowns Development Fund.
The physical properties necessary for a chemist, as well as atomic-molecular and thermodynamic properties, data on the redox and acid-base ability, solubility of substances are given, the main provisions of the nomenclature and terminology in chemistry are formulated.
For university students studying in chemical and chemical-technological specialties. Can be used by university professors, graduate students, researchers, engineers and technicians.
Preparation of graduation projects on a computer
E. M. Kudryavtsev Educational literature MissingThe educational publication sets out the general provisions for the design of graduation projects in full accordance with ESKD and SPDS. Detailed information is given on the design of both graphic and text documentation, formulas, tables, figures and other information in the explanatory note (PP).
For the effective design of the PP, the issues of using one of the most common text editors Microsoft Word are outlined. The issues of special settings of the text editor are considered. Describes how to use the formula editor. Issues of creating tables, entering figures and a number of other elements.
For the effective design of text and graphic documentation, the issues of using one of the most common and latest domestic CAD company ASCON - KOMPAS 3D V10, which is fully adapted to Russian standards, are outlined. This system provides the possibility of cost-effective clearance explanatory note, creation of general view drawings, working and assembly drawings, specifications, construction of three-dimensional models and assemblies, creation of other documentation.
At the same time, the system presents minimum requirements to the computer. The educational publication was written to help students studying in the specialties 2913. 00 - "Mechanization and automation of construction", 1709. 00 - "Handling and transport, construction and road machines" and 1716.
00 - "Mechanical equipment and technological complexes of enterprises of building materials, products, structures." However, it can be widely used: by students, engineers, teachers of other specialties and all those who are somehow connected with the creation of new or modernization of a wide variety of products.
Construction of a frame house
V. S. Levadny Do it yourself With your own hands (Adelant)The frame method of building houses is the most promising direction in individual and low-rise construction. The advantages of this method are a rich variety of architectural and planning solutions, high performance of frame structures, their low cost, simplicity and maintainability.
This book by V. S. Samoilov, created in creative collaboration with V. S. Levadny, contains in an accessible form detailed description all operations related to the construction of frame houses. The book consistently leads the reader through the entire technological chain, starting with the binding of the house on the ground and ending with the construction of the roof.
Visualization is provided by 184 figures, and 29 tables will facilitate the choice of the most optimal solutions.
Step by step guide to import equipment from China. Tutorial
Vladimir Spivakov Other educational literature Missing No dataThe manual describes in detail all the stages of a real foreign trade transaction for the purchase and import of sophisticated technological equipment from China. The manual contains 35 illustrations and tables, real documents are given with comments on their completion. The book is intended to prepare students for specialized specialties, and can also be used as a practical guide.
Municipal budgetary educational institution secondary school No. 16 of the city of Kuznetsk
Outline of the lesson of the world around
1 class
Topic"A Variety of Mushrooms (Hat Mushrooms)"
EMC "School of Russia"
Prepared by:Barsukova Olga Mikhailovna
Technological map of the lesson
Barsukova Olga Mikhailovna
Class: 1 Subject: The world
The place and role of the lesson in the topic under study: lesson learning new material
The purpose of the lesson: Introduce the structure of cap mushrooms.
Lesson objectives:
Educational: form an idea of \u200b\u200bcap mushrooms, learn to distinguish between mushrooms (lamellar and tubular);
Educational: develop mental operations: synthesis, analysis, generalization.
Educational: cultivate a sense of camaraderie, accuracy, perseverance.
5. Didactic means:
for the teacher - a presentation, dummies of mushrooms, a diagram of the structure of a hat mushroom, pictures depicting different hat mushrooms;
for students - a workbook, a textbook, cards for individual work, dummies of mushrooms.
Characteristics of the stages of the lesson
stage name,goal
Teacher activity
Student activities
The form
work
Result
Self-determination to learning activities.
Target: motivate students for learning activities
Good afternoon, first class.
I'm glad to see you.
Stand up straight, pull yourself up and smile at each other. Well done, now sit down
Greeting teachers, checking their readiness for the lesson
Formation of UUD:
(P) volitional self-regulation
Updating knowledge and fixing difficulties.
Target: 1) Update the idea of mushrooms;
2) Update mental operations: analysis, comparison, generalization.
Guess the riddle and you will know the topic of our today's lesson.
Under the pine tree by the path, who is standing among the grass? There is a leg, but no boots. There is a hat, but no head.
Right. Guys, do you like picking mushrooms? Poetess Zoya Alexandrova will help us recruit them today.
(teacher reading a poem)
Where can you find mushrooms?
near the stump, under the trees, in the clearing (for the correct answer they get a picture of a mushroom or a model)
Formation of UUD:
(R) self-control: learn to distinguish a correctly completed task from an incorrect one; awareness of what has already been learned and what still needs to be learned, awareness of the quality and level of assimilation.
(P) the formation of mental operations: analysis, comparison, generalization.
Formulation of the problem.
Target: 1) Identify and fix in speech the cause of the difficulties.
2) Agree on the purpose and topic of the lesson.
1) On the board, slide number 1 with the image of mushrooms (hat)
2) Slide number 2 - task:
(After completing the task, the presentation turns off.)
How are the mushrooms in the picture similar, and how are they different from each other?
Establish a correspondence between the image of a mushroom and the tree under which these mushrooms grow.
What are the parts of a mushroom?
Look at the diagram of the structure of the cap mushroom. Have we named all the parts? What should we discuss now?
All mushrooms have stems and caps. All hats are different.
Hat, leg.
One student works at the blackboard, the rest with cut cards individually
Formation of UUD:
(P) volitional self-regulation in a situation of difficulty;
determine and formulate the purpose of the activity in the lesson with the help of the teacher.
(P) the ability to pose and formulate a problem with the help of a teacher
Designing and fixing new knowledge.
Target: 1) Study the structure of the fungus
1) Scheme of the structure of the cap mushroom (lamellar)
Cold - Warm
Moisture - Lack of rain
(closes after completion of the task)
What parts can be distinguished from this hat mushroom?
What part of the mushroom is the most important? Why?
What is the mushroom cap for?
Mushrooms reproduce by spores that mature in the cap.
Work with the textbook. S. 18
Compare the structure of the legs and caps of these mushrooms. Think about which mushroom was called lamellar, and which tubular?
Prove that mushrooms belong to living nature.
What do mushrooms need to grow?
Physical education minute
hat, plates, ring, leg, pouch, mycelium.
mycelium, because feeds on the fungus.
Mushrooms grow and multiply.
heat, moisture
Working with the textbook
Formation of UUD:
(P) pronouncing the sequence of actions in the lesson; formation of cognitive initiative.
(P) the ability to find and highlight the necessary information; the ability to make assumptions and justify them.
(L) the ability to realize responsibility for a common cause;
the ability to follow moral standards and ethical requirements in behavior.
(K) the ability to express one's thoughts with sufficient completeness and accuracy; the ability to listen and understand the speech of others; take into account different opinions.
Primary consolidation of new material.
Target: to fix knowledge about the structure of the fungus
Complete the task in your workbook on p. 11 #3.
1) Perform independent work.
2) Produce
self-control.
Formation of UUD:
(P) assessment, control, correction
Reflection of learning activities in the classroom.
Target: 1) Record the new content learned in the lesson. 2) Organize reflection and self-assessment by students of their own learning activities.
1) Correlation of the tasks set with the achieved result.
2) Fixation of new knowledge in external speech.
1) Ask questions about the objectives of the lesson.
2) Encourages to express an opinion: what have you learned?
1) Formulate final result their work in the classroom.
2) Name the main positions of the new material and how they learned it.
Formation of UUD:
(L) the ability to evaluate oneself based on the criterion of success.
(P) the ability to monitor and evaluate the process and results of activities.
(K) the ability to express one's thoughts with sufficient completeness and accuracy; the ability to listen and understand the speech of others.
Examples of a technological map are present in any production, whether it is an aircraft factory or a catering point. This standardized document is mandatory in the enterprise, but the form and appearance differ from industry to industry.
What is this
Routing examples include required information for workers performing a particular operation. It can take the form of a procedure or instruction, be presented in the form of text, tables, graphs, recipes, an action plan, and so on.
What should she be
In whatever form the examples of the technological map are made, it should answer the following questions:
1. What to do (what operations or procedures).
2. How to perform (specific steps are described in a certain order and sequence).
3. How often they should be made (regulated regularity, periodicity).
4. How long the execution should take (how long it can take to carry out any stage of the operation and all of them taken together; often a “fork” is indicated from and to).
5. What is expected at the output (result, after the procedure).
6. Resources required for production (list of necessary tools, materials and other resources for each stage of the operation).
Main functions
Examples of a technological map are necessary not only for passing the commissions of Rospotrebnadzor. They also carry practical meaning in the enterprise itself. Such a document greatly facilitates the work of personnel and the verification of special authorities.
This requirement is based on the understanding that specialists of completely different (including rather low) qualifications can be used in the same production. In order to ensure a sufficient level of competence of the employees involved in the departments, an example of compiling a process map of an enterprise is provided. Thus, their first function is teaching.
The second task is to regulate a certain procedure where it is possible to apply various options work. Often, developers choose the most rational methods.
The third task is to ensure the fastest possible involvement in the new process and the improvement of the skills of already working professionals. A planned well-written instruction will help them with this.
It follows that the technological map should be drawn up in such a way that the most low-skilled employee of the enterprise can intuitively understand it, and competent specialists can find the required tips for themselves in the work.
Where applicable
It should be noted that often this document is developed for each individual object of the enterprise.
Today we developed an example of filling technological maps for almost all types of production. One sample can be used to develop any instructions and recipes.
Who is developing
This document is compiled by specialized departments of the organization and is approved by the management of the enterprise.
In small companies, the document can be drawn up by any technically competent specialist.
They are compiled not only by specific firms and factories for their needs, but also by consulting companies and specialized institutes to order.
How is it developed
Often, the technological map is compiled separately for each division of the enterprise. In one document, it is allowed to take into account different schemes of operations if the execution methodology is similar.
Technological maps are recommended to be developed and formatted in the form of tables, graphs, and clearly structured text. Any visual aids intended to ensure that operations and procedures are understood and correctly performed are allowed.
Compilation features
Each technological map is individual. It should take into account not only the specifics of the industry, but also the requirements of the market, the region in which the enterprise operates, the qualifications of employees and functional relationships within the company. This is where the complexity of using ready-made examples lies.
However, given that this is a standardized document, it should be written using the familiar structure for your field of activity.
Compilation examples
To begin with, the technological map of the excursion will be considered. This example is taken as one of the fairly common and at the same time relatively understandable in preparation.
The technological map of the excursion (an example of the structure is given below) will include the following components:
1. Introduction (includes general maps, enterprises). You can include here the history of the creation of the tour agency. Describe how the divisions of the enterprise are interconnected, how the documentation structure is arranged.
2. Scope. In this section, it is already worthwhile to clearly and reasonably describe which procedures and operations are covered by the flow chart of the route, an example of which is being considered.
3. Regulatory documents. List here everything that may concern your activity, from legislative acts to internal instructions. Please note that this section is your kind of cheat sheet. It is to him that you can turn in case of any questions that are not described in this card.
4. Terms and definitions. Also meticulously and painstakingly include here everything that occurs in the text. Don't forget the names of the companies you work with that are mentioned in the document. Perhaps you use the services of hired vehicles, then be sure to indicate who falls under the definition of a carrier. If your routes have separate names, be sure to decipher them. Be mindful of abbreviations. They should also be included in this section.
5. General provisions and the main text of the technological map. This is the longest section of the document. It includes a description of the organization of the process, technological features, routes. This can also include requirements for the quality of work and methods for assessing this quality. Describe all the materials and resources you need to organize the process. These include not only finances, but also the personnel involved (human resources), office equipment, rented or own real estate, transport, if it is required for excursion activities. The technological route map, an example of which we are considering, is described as much as possible here. The calculation of the duration is one of the mandatory columns.
6. Description of safety requirements may be separated into a separate section, or may be included in the previous one - at the discretion of the developer and management.
7. Cost calculation also taken out in a separate section at the request of the compilers. At the same time, it is often included in section 5. Neither option will be considered an error. When calculating costs, do not hesitate to resort to the help of professionals and accountants.
8. Order of development and approval. If your company has created a lot of technological maps, then it may be advisable to put it in a separate document.
In the documentation, you can also often find the definition of "route-technological map". An example of it will not differ much from the one discussed above, since this is one of the terms describing the sequential course of the entire technological process.
A similar compilation principle can be used when an example of construction works, agricultural operations and other projects is needed. You will never cook the right dish if you do not follow a clear recipe (proportions, sequence, products).
Examples of a technological map are really present in any production, whether it is a bakery or a local cafeteria. This standard document is mandatory in institutions, but its form and appearance differ depending on the industry.
Table 8
Table 9
7.3. Calculation of the production personnel of the enterprise (workshop).
The most important task of labor rationing is to determine the number of employees. There are the following main methods for determining the required number of workers: according to production standards, time standards; jobs based on service standards.
The number of employees of public catering enterprises directly depends on the volume of trade, output, forms of service, and the degree of mechanization of production processes. The greater the turnover and output of own production, the higher the number of employees.
All employees of public catering enterprises can be divided depending on the function performed into the following groups: production, trade, administrative and sales floor workers.
To determine the number of workers in production where production standards are established, the planned volume of output or turnover is divided by the daily production rate established for one employee in rubles of turnover or conditional dishes and the number of days that the employee must work in the planned period.
Labour Organization.
General leadership the shop is carried out by the head of production, if 5 or more employees work in the shop, a foreman (cook of IV or V categories) is appointed, who, together with other cooks, carries out the production program. On the basis of the menu plan, he receives raw materials from the production manager, gives the task to the cooks in accordance with their classification, and distributes the products among the members of the team. The foreman controls the course of the technological process, the consumption rates of raw materials and the output of semi-finished products, the condition and serviceability of the equipment, is responsible for compliance with the rules of labor protection, safety precautions, and monitors the sanitary condition of the workshop.
In the restaurant, a fifth-class cook prepares semi-finished products for complex and banquet dishes, portioned semi-finished products from beef, lamb, and pork. The cook of the IV category cuts sturgeon fish, seasons poultry carcasses, cuts meat and fish into portions, and makes simple semi-finished products. Cooks of IV and III categories carry out cutting of meat, deboning of parts. A cook of the III category cuts fish of partial species, makes cutlet mass and semi-finished products from it, cuts small-sized semi-finished products.
