How to draw a chessboard and its pieces. Chess pieces A chess piece that moves only diagonally
Chessmen. From left to right - King - Queen - Bishop - Knight - Rook - Pawn
Chess is played with special pieces. Let's see what it looks like, is called and by what rules each of them goes. Besides, chessmen have their own value, classification, strengths and weaknesses. Let's start the description with the most important piece - the king, and then continue from the strongest - the queen, to the weakest - the pawn.
King
The French king Louis XIV said: "The state is me!". The chess king is the state, that is, the personification of the player. This is the most important piece on , since the impossibility of defending one's king leads to defeat, and an irresistible attack on the enemy king leads to victory in the game. Despite such importance in the game, the king is a rather weak piece, he can move in any direction, but only one square per turn. Therefore, protect the king from the very beginning of the game until the end of the game.
QueenThe queen is often called the queen and in many chess sets this piece is depicted as a woman. The king and queen are similar in appearance, so do not confuse them, immediately determine which one is which. The queen is the strongest piece on the chessboard, he can move as many squares as he wants in any direction horizontally, vertically and diagonally. The loss of a queen is often an irreplaceable loss for the player, and often he gives up in such situations.
RookThe rook in a classic set of chess pieces looks like a defensive tower of a castle, such a view corresponds to its European name. Also, this figure can be depicted as a war chariot or it can look like an old naval combat unit - a boat. In terms of strength, this piece occupies an honorable second place after the queen. The rook can move to any number of squares vertically and horizontally. At the beginning of the game, each player has 2 rooks.
ElephantIn the classic set of pieces, the chess bishop does not at all look like an elephant from the animal world. In height, it is second only to the king and queen. The upper part of this figure outwardly represents the personification of the robes of Western priests, which corresponds English name elephant - bishop, which translates as a bishop. Bishops move diagonally in any direction to any number of squares. At the beginning of the game, you have two bishops, each of them retains the colors of the diagonal for the entire game, that is, one will only move along diagonals from light squares, and the second only along dark fields, hence they are called light-squared and dark-squared bishops, respectively.
Horse Chessmen. Horse
The only piece on the board, which outwardly everyone immediately determines, even the smallest children who are just starting to play chess. Only the knight can jump over its own and other people's pieces, and the trajectory of moves for this piece is also unusual. The knight moves first two/one squares vertically or horizontally and then one/two squares horizontally or vertically perpendicular to the original direction. Specified Description the course for horses sounds very tricky, but remembering how the horse walks is simple - he walks with the Russian letter “G”. The bishop and knight are approximately equal in strength, and they are inferior to the rook in value, but superior to the pawn.
Pawn Chessmen. Pawn
At the beginning of the game you have 8 pieces and the pawn is the weakest piece. The pawn moves only forward one square, eats forward obliquely and also only one square. From the starting location, the pawn has the right to jump immediately 2 squares forward on the first move. With this jump for 2 moves, if the enemy pawn is directly to the side of yours, then the opponent can take your pawn on the next move, putting his pawn not in your place, but 1 cell closer to you - this is called a capture on the aisle. The weakest piece during the game can become the strongest, so a pawn, having reached the last horizontal, turns into any piece at the discretion of the player, even a queen.
We have described how chess pieces are called, look and move. In the next article, we will touch on the strengths and weaknesses and recommendations on what to do with them in a particular position or stage of the game.
During the game, 32 chess pieces interact, but, of course, as the game progresses, their number decreases. Fighting units of several types take part in the battle: these are the main king and queen, paired rooks, knights and bishops, as well as pawns. Now we will figure out how the pieces in chess move in pictures. Material especially for beginners and for children.
How a pawn moves in chess
The first feature of pawn soldiers is that they cannot move backwards. The second - starting from the second move, the pawn can move only one cell at a time. But the first move is an exception - the player has the right to put a pawn one cell forward and move it two. The pawn captures one square in the diagonal direction and in both directions. Here is the second feature of these small proud figures: they walk according to one principle, and they beat according to another, which makes them different from all the others.
It would seem that a pawn can hide something else interesting. But a lot can depend on it in the game. After all, having reached the last horizontal (opposite the initial one for this player), this small figure can become anyone, except, of course, the king. You just need to remember that such a "substitution" is considered a full-fledged move.
Pawns have their own rules. For example, the so-called "taking on the aisle." It implies that if the pawn of another player has crossed the beaten square, it can be captured without hindrance. However, here there is a peculiarity: the rule is valid only on the next move, after a move this advantage can no longer be used.
How a knight moves in chess
The horse is known for walking along an unusual trajectory, which, when outlined, resembles the letter "G". That is, he moves two spaces forward and then one space to the side. And so he can move in any direction, which means that in the center of the field he has as many as 8 options for moves, and two - when moving from the corner. Interestingly, only the knight has the right to jump over pieces (both his own and others') during the move. It can be very dangerous for the opponent's pieces, even if it seems to be closed from them. And during the battle, the horse stands on the place where the downed figure was.
By the way, this feature of the figure has passed into colloquial speech. The phrase "Make a knight's move" means an unusual step, a cunning unexpected plan.
How an elephant moves in chess
The elephant is considered a strong figure, it is commensurate with a horse, but it has some features. In some situations it will be stronger, and in some it will be weaker. Like the knight, it belongs to the "light pieces". As for the movements of the bishop on the board, it moves along the diagonals for as many squares as you like.
In this case, the players are located each with two bishops, which move only along the corresponding color of the cells, white or black.
How does a rook move in chess
This piece is similar in gravity to the queen, it moves along the board strictly vertically or horizontally and beats in the same way.
There is one unusual chess technique associated with the rook, which is called “castling”. It is performed by two figures at once. Its essence lies in the fact that the king suddenly changes its location for the opponent, finding himself in a safer place and under the protection of other pieces. During this operation, the king moves two squares towards the rook, and the rook itself becomes the king. There are several important conditions for such a move:
- castling is available only to the king and rook that were previously immobile;
- there should be no obstacles on the line between these figures, the fields should be empty;
- castling is not done if the king is under attack;
- the same applies to the squares: the king, of course, cannot go under the check, but there is a snag - the cell that the king "jumps over" must also be clear of the enemy's sights.
Interestingly, castling can be done in both directions: both to the rook near the queen, and to the one closest to the king.
The move has one more rule. The king must be the first to leave his seat. The fact is that if the rook goes first, the second player has every right to say that the move has already been completed.
How the queen moves in chess
The queen is the strongest character on the chess battlefield, his movement capabilities are impressive. It moves vertically, horizontally, and diagonally, without limiting the number of fields.
The queen can be used both for attack and for defense, it is the most important. Therefore, it is extremely important to protect the queen, not to jeopardize it without a good reason (professionals sometimes achieve their game goals by this) and not to exchange it for a less significant piece. An equivalent exchange will be a queen, or two rooks, or three minor pieces.
How the king moves in chess
This is the most important piece around which the game is built, and therefore when a checkmate is announced, the game ends. The king cannot walk under the battle and be under it, he must be constantly protected. His ability to move is rather limited: in any direction, but only on one field. When the number of pieces decreases during the game, the strength of the king is commensurate with another minor piece.
There are several options for the development of events for the king. The first is check, which means being under attack. The piece must be immediately moved to another place, such a move cannot be postponed for the sake of other strategic movements. On the other hand, it is possible to organize a defense or capture a piece that declared check by another piece or even by the king himself.
The next stage is checkmate, the end of the game. In this position, the king is already under threat, that is, a check, and he has nowhere to move away, and there is no way to remove these figures. There is another interesting situation, which is called stalemate. Here the king, although not under check, has no way to move anywhere, since all the nearest cells are also under attack. In such a situation, the result of the game is a draw.
A win is worth 1 point, a draw is worth 0.5 points, and a loss is worth 0.
Interesting fact. Some figures have double names. For example, in pre-revolutionary times, the bishop was an officer, the rook was a round, and the queen was called a queen. However, experienced chess players practically do not use these names, they are common among amateurs.
There are 6 types of pieces in a chess game - king, queen, rook, knight, bishop, pawn. At the beginning of the game, each player has 16 pieces at his disposal: a king, a queen, two rooks, two bishops, two knights, and eight pawns. There are 32 pieces on the board in total.
The starting position of the shapes looks like this:
Pawn
The pawn, the only piece that can only move forward, cannot move backward. The face value of a pawn is 1 point.
In the initial position (white - on the 2nd horizontal, black - on the 7th) the player can move the pawn one or two squares forward. After the first move, the pawn can only be moved forward one square at a time. A pawn can beat the opponent's pieces one square forward diagonally to the right and left. A pawn captures pieces according to one rule, but moves differently. This is what distinguishes her from other figures.
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There are two connected to the pawn interesting rules in chess. The essence of the first rule is as follows. (8th for white and 1st for black) and promotes to any piece except the king. Such a transformation is one move, and the next move goes to the opponent.
The second rule is a capture on the aisle. On its move, a pawn can capture an opponent's pawn if it has moved .
On fig. 3 white pawn moved two squares forward. The black pawn can capture the white pawn and land on the attacked square, and not on the square where the white pawn has landed, as happens with ordinary captures. It is possible to capture on the aisle only during the next move, after a move this right is lost.
Horse
The knight walks along an unusual trajectory resembling the letter "G" - it moves 2 cells forward and one cell to the side. Of all the pieces, only the knight can jump over its own and other people's pieces. The knight can attack any enemy piece, being out of reach for them. When struck, the knight takes the place of the captured figure. The nominal value of a knight is 3 points. Located in the center of the board, it has 8 moves available, while in the corner box it has only 2.
In real life, "to make a knight's move" means to perform some unusual or cunning step.
Elephant
The bishop is a strong, long-range figure. The Bishop has a face value of 3 points and is roughly equal in strength to a Knight. This comparison is somewhat arbitrary, since in an open position the bishop can be stronger than the knight, and in a closed position the knight is often stronger than the bishop. The knight and the bishop are referred to as "light pieces" in chess.
The elephant walks and strikes in all directions diagonally to any number of squares, as shown in the figure. An elephant that walks on white squares is called light-squared, and on black - black-squared.
Rook
The rook, like the queen, is considered a heavy piece. Its face value is 5 points. and hits vertically and horizontally on any number of cells.
A specific move in a chess game is castling. Castling is correctly performed as follows - the king is moved 2 squares to the rook and the rook is moved behind the king. Castling can be done under the following conditions:
- the king and the rook, with which castling takes place, have not made any moves in the game before;
- there are no other pieces on the horizontal line between the king and the rook;
- the king is not attacked by an opponent's piece;
- the square through which the king moves and the square on which he stands are not under the blows of the opponent's pieces.
Long castling is carried out in the direction of the queenside, short - in the direction of the king.
You can't move the rook first. There is a rule in chess: take it - move. If you first move the rook to the king, the opponent has the right to demand that the move be considered completed, and castling will not take place. Castling is the only move in chess where two pieces play the same move.
Queen
The queen is the strongest piece in chess, with a face value of 10 points. The queen moves in all directions vertically, horizontally and diagonally to any number of cells on the board. The queen is an important piece. He is strong and mobile, effective in attack and defense. The queen must be protected from the blows of the opponent's pieces. Losing a queen or exchanging it for a piece of less value leaves little chance of winning.
Equally, a queen can be exchanged for a queen, two rooks, or three minor enemy pieces. There are cases when an experienced chess player deliberately gives up the queen to achieve a certain goal in the game. It's called "sacrifice". Novice amateurs should remember that the queen must be kept and used as the strongest piece.
King
The king is the most important piece in chess and has no face value. The game is lost, when the king dies, he will get a checkmate. The king cannot be kept under attack by enemy pieces. He needs constant protection. Like the queen, the king moves and strikes vertically, horizontally and diagonally, but only one cell in any direction. Located in the middle of the board, the king holds 8 squares under attack.
At the end of the game, when there are an order of magnitude fewer pieces on the board, the strength of the king becomes approximately equal to the strength of a minor piece.
A check is a position where the king is under attack by an opponent's piece. The king cannot. You need to go to another field, defend yourself with your piece, or simply beat the opponent's piece that declared check.
On fig. 10 the white king can get away from the check, the bishop can cover the king, the queen can beat the black rook.
The game ends when the king gets checkmate. This means that the king is under attack (check) and he has nowhere to go - the free squares are under attack by the opponent's pieces.
A curious situation in the game - stalemate. The king is not in check, but he has nowhere to move - all free squares are under attack by the opponent's pieces. Other pieces also have no moves.
In this case, the game ends in a draw.
According to the accepted scoring system, there are 1 point for a win, 0.5 points for a draw, and 0 points for a loss.
Some figures have a double name. Before the revolution, the bishop was called an officer, the rook was called the round, the queen was called the queen. Among chess players, these names are not widespread, sometimes they are used by amateurs.
December 19, 2018The chessboard is an integral part of the table sport process. Its presence provides the possibility of the game itself, and a beautiful appearance gives aesthetic pleasure to the participants. From time immemorial, the playing field was wooden, but with the development of technology and human imagination, the chessboard has gained the new kind and material.
What should be a chessboard
Before drawing chessboard, you should know what it is externally. The field consists of 64 two-color cells, the color of which changes sequentially. The cells are arranged in 8 rows, each with 8 cells arranged vertically. The horizontal row is indicated by Latin letters from A to H, and the vertical row - from bottom to top by numbers from 1 to 8. As a rule, the first cell H1 is light in color. The figurines begin their arrangement from it. It must be remembered that cells of the same color in no case can be adjacent to each other.
What pieces should be in chess
Like a chessboard, figures should also be drawn with a pencil on a separate sheet of paper. As a rule, they also come in two colors - white and black. The player of each side owns two bishops, two knights, two rooks, one queen, one king and eight pawns. For easier perception of the game, each figure is indicated in the usual way for players:
How to draw a chessboard on paper
1. First you need to acquire such necessary tools as:
- Sheets of paper (to draw the necessary elements).
- Ruler (for drawing accuracy).
- Pencil (felt pen, pen).
- Scissors (chess pieces will need to be cut out).
- Adhesive tape (for gluing two opposite sides of the field and other elements).
2. First you need to attach 2 sheets of paper to each other as carefully as possible with tape to draw a chessboard. Then cut off the excess part to get a regular square, the middle of which is at the junction of two sheets.
3. Before drawing a chessboard, make appropriate marks on the resulting square sheet of paper with a pencil. The square should be divided into 64 identical cells. To do this, it is best to mark 9 points on each side of the sheet and connect the opposite points with lines. All points of one side must be at the same distance from each other. As a result, you should get 64 cells that need to be painted over in accordance with the above rules.
4. Other sheets of paper will be needed to draw the chess pieces. Like the sheets of a chessboard, each sheet must first be marked with dots at both ends at the same level with a pencil, and then connected. The resulting rectangles will serve as the basis for the figures. Each rectangle should be bent in two places to form 3 equal parts. Both ends of the rectangle should be connected. You will get a triangle, on the edges of which figures should be drawn.
What will happen
As a result, in just 30 minutes of simple work, the chessboard and figures will be ready in a beautiful design. For a more durable service, you can laminate the board and figures, which will make them even more durable.
