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Rebuses on the history of the fatherland (collection). History of the rebus Rebus on the theme of ancient man

"Riddles" - Think and click on the picture. In the evening it flies to the earth, the night arrives on earth, and in the morning it flies away again. The star circled in the air a little, sat down and melted on my palm. Press the button and try again. Snowflake. Funny riddles. A colored yoke hung across the river.

Quiz Questions - King Solomon's Mines. Windows vista. Resistance to movement or change. Scales. Frog. Solve the rebus: za1ka. Matrix. Fish. Star. Planet. Space. Insect. What is the name of our galaxy? 5 weeks in a hot air balloon. Time. Nebula. Laser. What are not printers? Temperature. Animals.

"Test around the world" Grade 4 "- 9. The planets of the solar system are studying: The brightest planet in the solar system, named after the goddess of beauty: 8. "Tailed" celestial bodies: Test around the world Grade 4 on the topic: "The solar system ". 1. Self-luminous celestial body: 6. The path of the planets around the Sun is called: 4. The smallest planet in the solar system:

"The smartest" - What is the name of the children's doctor? A subject that studies traditions and customs. What is the main holiday of the ancient Russian peasants in the summer? Local history Natural history Geography. Viper Cobra Already. Which of the following snakes is not venomous? Ushkalyag. The corners of the hut are not red, but red ... Dentist Pediatrician Surgeon. The result of the subtraction.

"Quiz around the world" - How many days in a year. How does a brown bear hibernate? Which bird lays the largest eggs. What part of the day is replaced by night. What is the name of an animal that looks like a dog. What time of year does the leaf fall occur? Quiz around the world. What is hail. What happens to a bee after it stings.

"Quiz" - Socks. The vegetable that became the protagonist of Gianni Rodari's fairy tale. PC mouse. Learning is light and ignorance is darkness. They are assembled into baskets Thick-cheeked matryoshkas. In green handkerchiefs, Sundresses with dots. What vegetable was called the second bread in the old days? Chuck - chuck. Spokes. Pumpkin. Ukrainian pastry dish stuffed with cherries or cottage cheese.

The mystery of puzzles.

Rebus (from Latin"rebus" - “with the help of things”), the representation of a word or syllable with the help of an image of an object, the name of which is consonant with the presented word or syllable. Simply put, this is a riddle in which the unraveled words or expressions in the form of drawings are combined with letters and some other signs.

Several puzzles can be combined in one drawing or as a sequence of drawings in order to make up a phrase or sentence. In literary puzzles, letters, numbers, musical notes, or specially arranged words are used to compose sentences. Compound puzzles include pictures and letters. Puzzles can convey the direct meaning of words, mainly to inform or instruct illiterate people, or deliberately hide their meaning in order to inform only the initiates, or when used as a riddle and entertainment.

An early form of the rebus is found in pictorial writing, in which abstract words that are difficult to depict were represented by images of objects whose names were pronounced in a similar way. Such puzzles are similar to the hieroglyphs of Egypt and the pictographs of early China. Images of rebuses were used to convey the names of cities on Greek and Roman coins, or to represent family names in the medieval age.

The history of puzzles :

The first puzzles appeared in France in XV century. Then it was a farcical performance on the topic of the day. In allegorical form, comedians ridiculed vices and weaknesses the mighty of the world of this, they told "about the things that are happening." Over time, the nature of the rebus has changed. A rebus began to be called a pun built on a play on words.

Around the same time, the first drawn puzzles appeared. Initially, they literally illustrated well-known phraseological turns, later more complex variants appeared.

AT XVI century, drawn puzzles become known in England, Germany, Italy, but in none of these countries have they been widely developed.

Professional artists took part in their design. The first printed collection of puzzles compiled by Etienne Tabouraud, appeared in France in 1582.

In Russia, puzzles appeared later - in the middle XIX century, the first puzzles appeared on the pages of the magazine "Illustration" in 1845. Puzzles drawn by the artist were very popular Volkov in the Niva magazine. In the future, a special magazine "Rebus" began to appear.

About the benefits of solving puzzles :

“We know a lot of serious people,” one of the magazines wrote, who gladly devote hours of leisure to solving puzzles and especially recommend this activity to young people as a distinctive gymnastics for the mind ... ". It also hones ingenuity, develops the ability to bring the work begun to the end, and contributes to the activation of people's communication.

Riddles for children have many positive aspects:

1. Contribute to the development of thinking.
2. They train intelligence, logic, intuition, ingenuity.
3. Help the child to broaden his horizons, memorize new words, objects.
4. Train visual memory, spelling Unlike the usual riddle, which uses only a verbal description in poetry or prose, rebuses combine several methods of perception at once, both verbal and visual.

Types of puzzles .

• Puzzle puzzles represent a double task: having solved the rebus, you will read the riddle, but the riddle must be solved.
• Puzzles "add and subtract" differ from the usual ones in that the value of the image following the minus sign is not added to the already received combination of words, but is subtracted from it.
• Rebus jokes- This is a comic riddle in verse.
• Rebus proverbs are an encrypted proverb that needs to be unraveled and its meaning explained.
• sound puzzle- these are puzzle exercises that allow you to work out the skill of merging syllables.
• Rebus story consists of a big puzzle that you need to solve and make up a story.
• Rebus problem- This is a puzzle that you need to solve and solve the problem. It consists of several puzzles.
• Numerical puzzles- these are puzzles that improve the ability to understand and comprehend the positional principle when writing numbers in the decimal system.

Rules for solving puzzles :

• a word or sentence is divided into such parts that can be depicted in the form of a picture
• the names of all the objects shown in the figure should be read only in the nominative case;
• if the object in the picture is turned upside down, its name is read from right to left;
• if there are commas (one or more) to the left of the figure, then the first letters of the word are not read. If commas are after the figure, to the right of it, the last letters are not read;
• if a crossed-out letter is shown above the figure, it must be excluded from the name of the subject;
• if there are numbers above the figure, the letters should be read in the indicated order;
• if another letter is written next to the crossed out letter, it should be read instead of the crossed out one. Sometimes in this case an equal sign is placed between the letters;
• if part of the word is pronounced as a numeral, in the rebus it is depicted by numbers and numbers (O5 - again; 100G - haystack);
• if the drawing does not have any additional characters, only the first letter of the name of the depicted object should be taken into account;
• many parts of encrypted words are indicated by the corresponding arrangement of letters and drawings. Words that have a combination of letters on, under, over, behind, can be depicted by placing letters or objects one above the other or behind the other. The letters C and B can become prepositions. If the letter is made up of other letters, the preposition from is used when reading.

Rules for compiling puzzles :

1. The names of all the items depicted in the rebus, are read only in the nominative case and singular. Sometimes the desired object in the picture is indicated by an arrow.

2. Very often, the object depicted in the rebus may have not one, but two or more names, for example, “eye” and “eye”, “leg” and “paw”, etc. Or it may have one general and one specific name, such as "tree" and "oak", "note" and "re", etc. You need to choose the one that makes the most sense.

The ability to identify and correctly name the object depicted in the figure is one of the main difficulties in deciphering puzzles. In addition to knowing the rules, you will need ingenuity and logic.

3. Sometimes the name of any subject cannot be used in its entirety - it is necessary drop one or two letters at the beginning or end of a word. In these cases, use symbol- comma. If a comma is to the left of the figure, then this means that the first letter must be discarded from its name, if to the right of the figure, then the last. If there are two commas, then two letters are discarded accordingly, and so on. For example, a “collar” is drawn, only “whirlpool” needs to be read, “sail” is drawn, only “steam” needs to be read.

4. If any two objects or two letters are drawn one into the other, then their names are read with adding the preposition "in". For example: "v-o-yes", or "not-v-a, or" v-o-seven":

In this and the following five examples, various readings are possible, for example, instead of"Eight" can be read "SEVEN", and instead of "water" - "DAVO" . But there are no such words! This is where you should come to the rescue. ingenuity and logic.

5. If any letter consists of another letter, then read from adding "of". For example: “from-b-a” or “vn-from-y” or “f-from-ik”:

6. If there is another letter or object behind any letter or object, then you need to read with adding "for".
For example: “Ka-za-n”, “za-ya-ts”.

7. If one figure or letter is drawn under another, then you need to read from adding "on", "above" or "under"- choose a sentence that makes sense. For example: “for-on-ri” or “under-at-shka”:

The phrase: "Tit found a horseshoe and gave it to Nastya" - can be depicted as follows:

8. If another letter is written for any letter, then they read from adding "by". For example: “by-r-t”, “by-l-e”, “by-i-s”:

9. If one letter lies next to another, leaning against it, then they read with adding "y". For example: "L-u-k", "d-u-b":

10. If in the rebus there is an image of an object drawn upside down, then its name is needed read from the end. For example, a “cat” is drawn, you need to read “current”, a “nose” is drawn, you need to read “dream”.

11. If an object is drawn, and a letter is written next to it, and then a letter is crossed out, then this means that this letter is necessary discard from received word. If there is another one above the crossed out letter, then this means that you need it replace the crossed out. Sometimes in this case an equal sign is placed between the letters. For example: "eye" read "gas", "bone" read "guest":

12. If there are numbers above the picture, for example, 4, 2, 3, 1, then this means that read first the fourth letter of the name of the object shown in the figure, then the second, followed by the third, etc., that is, the letters are read in the order indicated by the numbers. For example, a “mushroom” is drawn, we read “brig”:

13. If two numbers are shown next to the picture with arrows pointing in different directions, then the word must interchange the letters indicated by the numbers. For example, "castle" = "dab".

14. The use of an arrow going from one letter to another also serves to indicate the appropriate substitution of letters. Also, the arrow can be decoded as preposition "K". For example, “The letters AP go to FIR-tree” = “DROPS”

15. When compiling a rebus, Roman numerals can also be used. For example, "forty A" read "forty".

16. If any figure in the rebus is drawn running, sitting, lying, etc., then the corresponding verb in the third person of the present tense (runs, sits, lies, etc.) must be added to the name of this figure, for example"u-runs".

17. Very often in rebuses, individual syllables “do”, “re”, “mi”, “fa” are depicted with the corresponding notes. For example, the words written down in notes are read: “do-la”, “fa-sol”:

Since not everyone knows the notes and the position on the stave, we give their names.

Other signs are possible in rebuses: names chemical elements, all kinds of scientific terms, special characters: "@" - dog, "#" - sharp, "%" - percentage, "&" - ampersand, "()" - brackets, "~" - tilde,« :) » - emoticon, "§" - paragraph and others.

In complex puzzles, the listed techniques are most often combined.

"The red maiden sits in a dungeon, and the scythe is on the street"

puzzles is a means of increasing information culture. With self-compilation of puzzles, information search skills, creativity, and intellectual abilities develop.

Do you like to solve riddles? Then guess what it's about.

A riddle-joke in which a word or phrase is depicted in the form of drawings in combination with letters, numbers and other signs. Did you guess?

That's right, it's a puzzle. In our understanding, a rebus is a kind of riddle, where a word or even a phrase is presented in the form of pictures, symbols. It is believed that the word "rebus" itself was born from the Latin phrase "not with words, but with the help of things."

We meet in our life with puzzles often. Do you know the history of puzzles?

The history of puzzles began a very long time ago. In the 15th century in France, farcical performances were called a rebus. Later, in the 16th century, such fun was banned and a pun based on a play on words began to be called a rebus. Often it was a riddle, consisting of images of various objects, numbers or letters. And in this form, the puzzle has come down to us.

In 1783, the English artist and engraver Thomas Buick printed an unusual Bible for children in the London printing house of T. Hodgson. He retells the events of Holy Scripture in the form of rebuses. Such a Bible came to be called "hieroglyphic". In the text, some words are replaced by pictures. A few years later, in 1788, the American publisher Isaiah Thomas published a hieroglyphic Bible overseas. Such unusual hieroglyphic Bibles became very popular in late XVIII centuries, because they made it easier and more interesting to teach the Holy Scriptures to children.

The well-known author of "Alice in Wonderland" and "Through the Looking Glass" Lewis Carroll often used rebuses in his correspondence with young readers. In his letters, he often replaced some of the words with pictures or depicted letters in a mirror image. To read such mysterious letters, one needed ingenuity, which, of course, the children really liked.

In the second half of the 19th century, puzzles began to be widely used in society.

Interestingly, even during the war, puzzles were held in high esteem. During the Great Patriotic War, in 1942 the Moscow printing factory of the Moscow industrial trade publishes a collection of rebuses by A.A. Ryazanov "During Leisure Hours: Rebuses" (illustrations by I. Telyatnikov). They were intended for the adult population. In 1945, after the end of the war, a small brochure by the illustrator and illusionist Georgy Kelsievich Bedarev "Rebuses" was published.

In the post-war period, puzzles began to focus on a children's audience. Currently, puzzles are intended for both adults and children. It is difficult to find a children's magazine or a developmental manual that does not contain puzzles. Often children are given similar tasks at school and are even given the task to come up with puzzles.

Regardless of who the puzzles are intended for, the rules for guessing them are the same. In order to correctly guess the rebus, of course, you need to know these rules.

Try to solve a few puzzles, as well.

Methodology for teaching history to younger children school age involves the use of a wide variety of methodological techniques and forms of organization of training sessions. With rare exceptions, all children of this age seek knowledge, perform exactly the actions that the teacher requires of them, and imitate the examples that he sets. This is because his authority for them is quite high and interest in learning has not yet been lost. One of the most beloved and effective forms of a lesson is a game lesson, according to Nina PANFEROVA, Associate Professor of the Department of Pedagogy at Tula State University. Didactic game can be both an organizational form of a lesson and a short-term episode (2-10 minutes). The educational game provides for the organization by the teacher of exciting activities for children, the creation of entertaining, difficult situations, which the students must resolve either on their own or with the help of the teacher. Several tasks for such games are offered below.

Crossword puzzle - a puzzle task - filling with letters the intersecting rows of cells so that the given words are obtained horizontally and vertically.

Questions

Horizontally: 1. Housing for a person. 2. A place in Russia where there is a unique building made of wood, erected without a single nail. 5. The main church in the city. 6. The ancient name of the dwelling of a rich man in Russia.

Vertical: 1. Magnificent architectural structure. 3. Peasant dwelling in Russia. 4. An architectural structure intended for the performance of religious rites.

Answers

Horizontally: 1. House. 2. Kizhi. 5. The cathedral. 6. Chambers.

Vertically: 1. Castle. 3. Hut. 4. Temple.

Charade is a riddle game in which the hidden word is divided into several parts with independent meaning and then a description of the meaning of each of these words is given.

In this word
We hear clearly
Five brief
Russian words:
Connecting union
And measured count of centuries.

In him plane rumble,
And under the wing - the earth,
With which merged
Union enduring" I".

Answer. I-hundred-r-i-i (history).

Crossdata - a puzzle task - filling in the numbers of intersecting rows of cells so that the given dates are obtained horizontally and vertically.

Questions

Horizontally: 4. Battle on the Ice. 6. The construction of the first fortress walls around Moscow. 7. The beginning of the civil war in Soviet Russia. 8. The first annalistic mention of Moscow. 9. The beginning of the construction of St. Petersburg. 10. Estimated year of the beginning of the campaign of the Yermak detachment in Siberia.

Vertically: 1. The invasion of the Mongol-Tatars in Russia. 2. The reign of the Romanov dynasty in Russia. 3. Patriotic war against Napoleon's army. 5. Campaign against Moscow militia led by Minin and Pozharsky.

Answers

Horizontal: 4.1242. 6. 1156. 7. 1918. 8. 1147. 9. 1703. 10. 1582.
Vertically: 1. 1237. 2. 1613. 3. 1812. 5. 1612.

Riddles - an image or expression in need of interpretation.

unmeasured,
Uncalculated
How dashing
People tested!

How many perished
In a foreign land
How much is cut
How much is tortured.

Don't count
Trouble-consequences
From Mongolian
From... .

The enemy is cruel and fierce
Destroyed the earth
Light-eyed Russia
Filled for hundreds of years!

To solve this riddle, you need to answer a few questions.

• What is the missing word in the riddle?
• What terrible misfortune befell the Russian land and its people?
• In what year and in what century did this happen?
• How many years and centuries did the misfortune go on?
• What events put an end to Russia's dependence on the Mongol-Tatars?

Answer. Invasion.

Note. The Mongol-Tatar invasion of Russia began in 1237 (XIII century). The invasion lasted 243 years - about two and a half centuries. It ended in 1480 standing on the Ugra.

Driven out of the country
French adversaries
Our glorious hero
Commander...

Answer. Kutuzov.

Humiliated,
Without will, without land,
Like a pitiful slave
Always deprived of peace
Russian peasant,
many hundreds of years
You were tormented ... ... .

Answer. Fortress law.

Chineword - a puzzle task - filling in successive cells in such a way that the guessed words form a series in which the last letter of the previous word is the first letter of the next one.

Questions

1. People's Assembly in Ancient Russia. 2. The main book of Christians, serving the good. 3. Cossack, thanks to whose activities Eastern Siberia became part of Russia. 4. The capital city of Ancient Russia. 5. Russian city, the second to be devastated by the Mongol-Tatars. 6. The first Russian city ravaged by the Mongol-Tatars during the invasion. 7. The largest Russian city in the north of Russia. 8. The river in which the first rite of baptism in Russia was performed. 9. The main means of communication in ancient Russia. 10. The name of the first tsar in Russia. 11. The population of Russia, ordinary people. 12. Supernatural beings that the Slavs believed in. 13. The lake, not far from which the richest city of Russia was located.

Answers

1. Veche. 2. Gospel. 3. Yermak. 4. Kyiv. 5. Vladimir. 6. Ryazan. 7. Novgorod. 8. Dnieper. 9. Rivers. 10. Ivan. 11. People. 12. Perfume. 13. Ilmen.

Panferova Nina Nikolaevna Any reprint only with the permission of the author.

Topic: ANCIENT ROME (puzzle lesson)

Goals: systematize knowledge about Ancient Rome, about outstanding personalities, events; consolidate students' knowledge of historical concepts; to form skills in working with various puzzles, to teach how to compose creative work; to cultivate a sense of collectivism and cooperation when working in groups.

Equipment: puzzles, crossword puzzles (for each group), task cards.

During the classes

I. Organizational moment.

The teacher talks about the goals and objectives of the lesson, distributes the class into groups.

II. Group work with puzzles.

1. The game "Learn the word" (memorable places in Rome).Insert letters and explain the significance of these memorial sites to the Romans.

1) A r. (The amphitheater is a special building for

gladiatorial games.)

1. 
   F m. (The Forum is the main square of the city of Rome.)
2. 
   You. (Thermae are Roman baths.)
3. 
   In d. (Water supply is an arched bridge along which

water flowed into the city.

1. 
   K y. (The Colosseum is the largest amphitheater in Rome.)

1. 
   M op e. (The Field of Mars is a wide plain outside the city wall where the citizens of Rome gathered.)
2. 
   P _ __ n. (The Pantheon is the "temple of all gods" made of brick and concrete.)
3. 
   K at a. (Trajan's Column is a column erected in honor of the emperor's victory on the Danube.)

1. 
   B i c k. (The Big Circus is a venue for

chariot races.)

2. The game "Changeling" (gods of Rome).

Collect the name of the Roman god from the letters, tell what you know about him. One letter in the shifter is superfluous.

NURTISA (Saturn is the god of agriculture, viticulture). TIRAPIUE (Jupiter is the god of the sky, thunderstorms, the king of the gods). ARKENEV (Venus is the goddess of gardens, love, beauty). RESMA (Mars is the god of war).

NASUNO (Juno is the goddess of motherhood, women). SU WATE (Vesta is the goddess of the hearth). UTEPNIN (Neptune is the god of the sea, water). KUREMIRA (Mercury is the god of trade).

3. The game "Logic chain" (events of the history of Rome).

Explain how the words are grouped together

And what is the missing word in this list?

1) Tribune, yuger, Gracchi, law, farmers, Brutus.

(The Gracchi brothers were popular tribunes in Rome, enforced a law according to which no family should use more than a thousand yugers (about a quarter of a hectare) of state land. The law on the redistribution of land was in favor of ordinary farmers. An extra word "Brutus" Senator who killed Caesar

2) Carthage, Pyrrhus, Legion, Hannibal, Mediterranean, Po.

(In the 3rd century BC, there were wars between Rome and Carthage for influence in the Mediterranean. The Carthaginian commander Hannibal attacked Rome, approached the Po River, united with the Gauls and fought the Roman legion. The extra word "Pyrrhus" is a commander, fought with the Gauls in the 4th century BC.)

3) Capua, Vesuvius, columns, Spartacus, Kras, gladiators.

(In the gladiatorial school of Capua in 74 BC, an uprising broke out under the leadership of Spartacus. The fugitive gladiators set up a camp on the top of the volcano Vesuvius, slaves from the surrounding estates came here, from here the rebels began their campaign in Italy. In 71 BC AD the army of Spartacus clashed with the army of Crassus and was defeated.An extra word "columns" - farmers who took land for cultivation.)

4) Brennus, Scipio, Gauls, geese, gold, Capitol.

(In the 4th century BC, the Gauls attacked Rome from the north, the Romans were defeated, only the Capitoline Hill survived. The Romans were exhausted and did not hear the approach of the enemy. Geese - sacred birds, having heard extraneous noise, woke up and woke up all the Romans with their cackle (The leader of the Gauls, Brennus, demanded gold from the Romans in order to pay off. The extra word "Scipio" is the commander who defeated Hannibal.)

5) Constantine, Byzantium, Nero, emperor, bishop, church.

(Under Emperor Constantine inIVcentury, the capital of the empire was moved to the site of the Greek city of Byzantium. Under him, much was done for Christians: organizations of Christians were created-churches, the priests chose the leader - the bishop. Extra word "Nero" - sinister emperorIcentury AD e.)

Vertical: 2. The Gracchi law on the redistribution of land. 4. Battle of Cannae. 5. Establishment of the Republic. 6. Fall of the Roman Empire.

5. Crossword.

This task can be given instead of a crossword puzzle. The teacher sets the first word, asks what it means, and invites the children to continue working on compiling their crossword puzzle. Teams receive points for crossing lines and for explaining.

For example:

						5
4		1		2	8	0
7	5	3		1
6		3	2	6

2) Questions:

1. One of the legendary founders of Rome. 2. Settlers from the conquered lands. 3. Council of Elders. 4. Ruler of Rome. 5. Ruler of Rome during the Republic. 6. An official elected from among the plebeians. 7. Slaves performing in the amphitheaters. 8. Ruler with unlimited power. 9. Farmers who took land for cultivation. 10. Descendants of the founders of Rome.

• 
  What keyword is horizontal?
• 
  What does this concept mean?

(Republic- a form of government in which government becomes a "public affair".)

	tg			to
				O	h
			4 and	n	R
	l		m	With	and	V	a d		10 p
"R	e	-*With	P	At	b	l	and	at k	a
O	b	e	With	l	At	a	to	O	t
m	e	n	R		11	d	t	l	R
At	and	a	and			and	a	O	and
l		t	I			a	t	n	c
						t	about	s	and
						about	R		and
						R
						s

							X
							R
R	e	With	P	At	b	l	and	to	a
							With			t
							t			R
			P	a	t	R	and	c	and	and
							a			b
							and			At
							e			n

6. Keyword (catch phrase).

1

2

3

5	19	10	13	1	8	13	14
about	to	t	a	in	and	a	n

When looking at portraits of famous Romans, you need to put down the corresponding names instead of numbers and change the numbers to letters in the key phrase. If the class is not strong or there is little time left in the lesson, you can give portraits with numbers and ready-made names, this will speed up the task.

4

5 6

5

7

8

12	8	6	6
P	and	R	R

7	13	14	14	8	15	13	20
G	a	n	II	And	b	a	l

16	3	17 | 13		b	18
c	With	3	a	R	b

14	3	6	5	14
n	e	R	about	n

13	1	7	9	2	10
a	in	G	At	With	t

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