Russian language option 9 exam
Option 9. Assignments for the Unified State Examination 2018. Russian language. I.P. Tsybulko. 36 options
Read the text and complete tasks 1-3
(1) In experiments, scientists have found that learning new words stimulates the activity of the striatum (striated body), an important part of the brain that is directly related to motivation. (2) The striatum itself is not associated with the language function: it does not decipher the meanings of words and does not remember them, for this there are special linguistic centers in the cerebral cortex. (3) he reinforces the motivation to learn a language by responding to linguistic efforts with a sense of pleasure: pleasant emotions help memorize new material.
1. Indicate two sentences that correctly convey the MAIN information contained in the text. Write down the numbers of these sentences.
1) When learning new words, a person experiences pleasant emotions, which, according to scientists, is due to the action of the striatum, an important part of the brain that reinforces the motivation to memorize new material.
2) In the course of experiments, scientists have found that the striatum (striate body) is an important part of the brain that is directly related to motivation.
3) Scientists managed to prove that the striatum is not related to the language function, since it does not decipher the meanings of words and does not remember them - for this there are special linguistic centers in the cerebral cortex.
4) Mastering new words, according to scientists, stimulates the activity of an important part of the brain - the striatum, which reinforces the motivation to learn a language with pleasant emotions.
5) Having studied the data obtained by scientists during the experiments, it can be assumed that the pleasure of learning new words was the reason that humanity learned to use speech.
2. Which of the following words should be in place of the gap in the third (3) sentence of the text? Write out this word.
Second, However, First For example, Even
3. Read the fragment of the dictionary entry, which gives the meaning of the word CENTER. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the second (2) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.
CENTER, a, m.
1) Point in geometric figure, a body that has some kind of inherent property and is usually obtained by crossing lines, axes, planes. C. circle. C. gravity.
2) The central part of the city, large locality. Live in the center. Apartment in the center. Go to c. go shopping. Tram line from the new district to the center.
3) City with administrative, industrial and other institutions. industrial centers of the country. Regional, district c. Administrative c. areas.
4) The highest governing body. Center directives.
5) A group of nerve cells that regulate some kind of body function (special). motor centers. Respiratory c.
6) The dominant, leading institution of some kind. industries. Cardiological c. Oncological c. Television c. Center for training astronauts. Flight control center.
4. One of the following words has an accent error: WRONG the letter denoting the stressed vowel is highlighted. Write out this word.
took off And the enemy repeats the drill in the dark
5. In one of the sentences below, the underlined word is WRONGLY used. Correct the lexical error by choosing a paronym for the highlighted word. Write down the chosen word.
Leonid Ivanovich abruptly stood up and looked at his interlocutor with an icy arrogance look.
In the spring, ROOT shoots should be inspected and cut at the very base.
Parents have collected an ENTIRE library about hang gliding.
S. Ya. Marshak was addicted to hardworking people and intolerant of idlers.
The unrequited feeling made me sad.
6. In one of the words highlighted below, a mistake was made in the formation of the form of the word. Correct the mistake and spell the word correctly.
one hundred sixty kilometers
sing more LOUDLY
Doubt gnaws
DRINK milk
the most QUIET
7. Establish a correspondence between grammatical errors and sentences in which they are made: for each position of the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
| GRAMMATICAL ERRORS A) violation in the construction of a sentence with participial turnover B) an error in constructing a sentence with homogeneous members B) violation in the construction of a proposal with an inconsistent application D) violation of the connection between the subject and the predicate E) incorrect construction of a sentence with a participial turnover | SUGGESTIONS 2) Those who oppose themselves to society are doomed to loneliness. 3) Upon arrival in Moscow, the artist not only gave a concert, but also held a press conference. 4) Studying folklore, the composer created wonderful lyrical works. 5) This voyage, which ended the era of the famous pirate raids in Spanish waters, was unparalleled both in terms of the number of storms, as well as the number of lost ships. 6) Vasil Bykov's stories "Sotnikov" and "Obelisk" I read in the summer, dedicated to the Great Patriotic war. 7) Many of those who have been to Pereslavl know that this city is younger than Rostov, but its history is also rooted in the distant past. 8) It hurt me, and I did not fail to tell the captain that he, not knowing the person, was trying to judge him. 9) On one of the autumn days, the forest, refreshed by cold air, seemed to be rejuvenated and shone with gold leaves. |
8. Determine the word in which the unstressed checked vowel of the root is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.
acc..panning
those..retic
respect..tatel (talent)
oz..rilis (sun)
to..collection
9. Determine the row in which the same letter is missing in both words. Write these words out with the missing letter.
from .. took, pr .. language
ra..gon, and..oven
vz..skat, s..play
be..valuable, v..dozed
pr..call, pr..evil
10. Write down the word in which the letter E is written at the place of the gap.
caring..vy
peel off
forgetful..out
helpful..y
almonds..vy
11. Write down the word in which the letter I is written at the place of the gap.
integral.. my
tie..sh
linger..stay
seen..
impenetrable..my
12. Define a sentence in which NOT with the word is written CLEARLY. Open the brackets and write out this word.
Joy (NOT) SHARED with intimate friends is not joy.
Margarita a few minutes later entered the (NOT) ILLUMINATED room, in which only a narrow path from the moon shone silver.
Peter I was (NOT) AFRAID to move the capital closer to Western Europe, to change the costume of the Russian people, to change many customs.
Storms also happened in the spring, but then the wind blew (NOT) COLD, but warm and gentle.
N. M. Karamzin knew that the origin and meaning of the word "Kolomna" (NOT) FOUND, and decided to compose a legend, which he outlined in a letter.
13. Define a sentence ”in which both highlighted words are written ONE. Open the brackets and write out these two words.
It is possible to build houses on the banks of rivers, but (ON) THAT (WOULD) the water remains clean.
(AT) SEEING the morning beauty of the autumn forest, my heart sank, (ON) THE MEETING we blew a light breeze, the tops of the trees swayed slightly.
To support a person in trouble with a kind word can be AS (SAME) important as (DURING) TIME to switch the switch on the railway track.
(B) FOLLOWING the barge are wide barges with low sides, (UP TO) THE TOP loaded with watermelons.
(DUE TO) BECAUSE I was not at school for two months and (B) CONSEQUENCE of this I was very behind.
14. Indicate the number (s) in the place of which (s) is written HH.
Cause(1)-effect(2) relationships are not easy to establish. Often bright, but secondary (3) facts are interpreted as a reason, and a mean (4) th, but more “modestly dressed” reason is pushed aside (5) and into the background.
15. Arrange punctuation marks. Write two sentences in which you need to put ONE comma. Write down the numbers of these sentences.
1) In every person there is strength and weakness, courage and fear, firmness and hesitation.
2) The transparent mermaids stopped their round dance over the river and waved to Margarita, and their greetings sounded over the deserted greenish shore.
3) Wooden piers and pavement stones and blue waters of the bay are showered with sticky fish scales.
4) At present, the gas producing company has both a developed infrastructure and invaluable experience for organizing the industrial development of gas fields.
16. Place all punctuation marks: indicate the number (s) in the place of which (s) should (s) be a comma (s).
During the time of A. S. Pushkin, the Hermitage art gallery (1) located on the middle floors (2) of the two buildings (4) adjoining the Winter Palace (3) occupied about forty rooms.
17. Place all punctuation marks: indicate the number (s) in the place of which (s) should (s) be a comma (s).
I don't feel sorry for you (1) unfaithful friends (2)
Wreaths of feasts and circular bowls -
I don’t feel sorry for you (3) traitors (4) young ones, -
Thoughtful, I am averse to fun.
But where are you (5) minutes of tenderness,
Young hopes, heartfelt silence?
Where (6) is the former heat and tears of inspiration?
Come again (7) years of my spring!
(A. S. Pushkin)
18. Place all punctuation marks: indicate the number (s) in the place of which (s) should (s) be a comma (s).
Immortal Greek tradition (1) main feature(2) which (3) is inextricably linked with a deep interest in man (4) was perceived by the ancient Russian masters.
19. Place all punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers where commas should be in the sentence.
It rained in the mountains (1) and (2) if the bridge over the river is broken (3) then the geologists will have to wait for the water to completely subside (4) to get to the base.
20. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write out this word.
The royal dynasty of the Stuart family, which had been in power in Great Britain for a long time, ended its existence in 1714.
Read the text and complete tasks 21-26
1) Our language is still felt by many as a kind of blind element that cannot be controlled.
(2) One of the first to approve this idea was the brilliant scientist W. Humboldt. (3) “Language,” he wrote, “is completely independent of an individual subject ... (4) Language stands before an individual as a product of the activity of many generations and the property of an entire nation, therefore the strength of an individual is insignificant compared to the strength of a language.”
(5) This view has survived to our era. (6) “No matter how you say reasonable words against stupid and impudent words, they - we know this - will not disappear from that, and if they disappear, it’s not because aesthetes or linguists were indignant,” wrote one gifted scientist. (7) “That’s the trouble,” he said with anguish, “that no one wants to hear the zealots of the purity and correctness of their native speech, as well as the zealots of good morals ... (8) 3 but they are spoken by grammar and logic, common sense and good taste, euphony and decency, but nothing comes out of all this onslaught of grammar, rhetoric and style on reckless, ugly, reckless lively speech. (9) Having cited samples of all kinds of speech “ugliness”, the scientist embodied his sadness in a bleak and hopeless aphorism: “Arguments from reason, science and good manners affect the existence of such words no more than geology courses on an earthquake.”
(10) In the old days, such pessimism was completely justified. (11) There was nothing to even think about intervening in unison, systematically, with united forces in the ongoing language processes and directing them along the desired channel. (12) Old Karamzin very accurately expressed this general feeling of humble obedience to the elemental forces of the language: "Words enter our language autocratically."
(13) Since then, our largest linguists have constantly pointed out that the will of individual people, unfortunately, is powerless to consciously control the processes of formation of our speech.
(14) Everyone imagined this: as if a mighty river of speech flows past them, and they stand on the shore and, with impotent indignation, watch how much rubbish its waves carry on them.
- (15) There is no need, - they said, - to boil and fight. (16) Until now, there has not yet been a case where the attempt of the guardians of the purity of the language to correct the linguistic errors of any significant mass of people was crowned with even the slightest success.
(17) But can we agree with such a philosophy of inaction and non-resistance to evil? (18) Can we really, writers, teachers, linguists, can only grieve, be indignant, horrified, watching how the Russian language is deteriorating, but we don’t even dare to think about subordinating it to the collective mind with powerful efforts of the will?
(19) Let the philosophy of inaction have its meaning in the past eras, when the creative will of people was so often powerless in the fight against the elements - including the elements of language. (20) But in the era of the conquest of space, in the era of artificial rivers and seas, do we really not have the slightest opportunity to at least partially influence the elements of our language?
(21) It is clear to everyone that we have this power, and one should only be surprised that we use it so little. (22) After all, in our country there are such super-powerful levers of education as radio, cinema, television, ideally coordinated with each other in all their tasks and actions. (23) I'm not talking about the many newspapers and magazines - district, regional, city - subordinate to a single ideological plan, completely owning the minds of millions of readers.
(24) All this purposeful complex of forces has only to unite, systematically, resolutely rise up against the deformities of our current speech, loudly stigmatize them with national disgrace - and there is no doubt that many of these deformities, if they do not disappear completely, then, in any case, forever lose their massive, epidemic character...
(25) True, I understand very well that all these measures are not enough.
(26) After all, the culture of speech is inseparable from the general culture. (27) To improve the quality of your language, you need to improve the quality of your heart, your intellect. (28) Another writes and speaks without errors, but what a poor dictionary he has, what moldy phrases! (29) What an anemic spiritual life is reflected in them!
(30) Meanwhile, only that speech can truly be called cultural, which has a rich vocabulary and many different intonations. (31) This cannot be achieved by any campaigns for the purity of the language. (32)3 here other, longer, broader methods are needed. (33) For true enlightenment, so many libraries, schools, universities, institutes, etc. have been created. (34) By raising their general culture, the people thereby raise the culture of their language.
(35) But, of course, this does not exempt any of us from all possible participation in the struggle for the purity and beauty of our speech.
(According to K.I. Chukovsky)
21. Which of the statements do not correspond to the content of the text? Specify the answer numbers.
1) The philosophy of inaction and non-resistance to evil at all times was meaningless, since the elements were and still remain beyond the control of man.
2) Everyone who has no mistakes in oral and written speech has a rich vocabulary and a rich spiritual life.
3) Among the super-powerful levers of education are the mass media acting in concert.
4) The culture of the language and the culture of the people are closely interconnected: an increase in one entails an increase in the other.
5) Standing on the bank of a river whose waters are polluted, the narrator realizes that people are powerless to clean them up.
22. Which of the following statements are false? Specify the answer numbers
1) Sentences 3-4 illustrate what is said in sentences 1-2.
2) Sentences 10-12 provide a description.
3) Proposition 22 confirms the thesis expressed in sentence 21.
4) Sentences 25-27 contain reasoning.
23. From sentences 5-8, write out the word used in the meaning of "a person diligently and sincerely trying to benefit some cause, a champion of something."
24. Among sentences 26-35, find one (s) that is (s) connected with the previous one using a personal pronoun and word forms. Write the number(s) of this offer(s).
25. “K. I. Chukovsky dedicated his book “Alive as Life” to the Russian language. In the above fragment from the chapter "Against the Elements", the author's reflections are built around such a path as (A) ___ ("flows ... a speech river" in sentence 14). Setting himself the task of "teach the reader to think philosophically about the language, about the processes of its development and growth," Chukovsky uses the technique - (B) ___ (sentences 3-4, 6-8, 12). Along with this, the author's voice clearly sounds in the text - thanks to the use of such a technique as (B) ___ ("mourn, indignant, horrified" in sentence 18), such a trope as (D) ___ ("moldy" in sentence 28, " skinny" in sentence 29)".
List of terms:
1) opposition
2) metaphor
3) impersonation
5) interrogative sentences
6) dialectisms
7) quoting
8) gradation
9) phraseological units
| Option 9 |
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| Job number | Answer | Job number | Answer |
| up |
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| 1234 or any combination |
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| will repeat | |||
| root | 12357 or any combination |
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| 134 or any combination |
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| theoretical | |||
| collectplay | 125 or any combination |
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| almond | |||
| linger | zealots or zealot |
||
| unlit | |||
Problem
The problem of people's attitude to the fate of their native language. (How do people feel about the fate of their native language?)
The philosophy of inaction, which proclaimed the impotence of people in the fight against the linguistic elements, should be replaced by an understanding that it is in our power to influence the elements of our language, to fight for the purity of our native language.
Option 9 (USE-2015)
Part 1
Read the text and complete tasks 1-3.
(1) Architects Ancient Greece went to the trick: they made the columns of their buildings of different thicknesses. (2) An example of this is the famous Parthenon - the main temple of the Athenian Acropolis, built in 447-438 BC: its creators, the architects Iktin and Kallikrat, took into account that the bright sky of Hellas would be the background for the corner columns, and for the rest - dark background created by the sanctuary of the temple,<...>they made the corner columns wider and reduced the distance between them and adjacent columns. (3) Thanks to these "corrections" from afar, all the columns looked exactly the same, and the difference between them was found only with direct measurement.
1. Which of the following sentences correctly conveys the MAIN information contained in the text?
1) The architects of Ancient Greece made the columns of their buildings of different thicknesses, due to which, when directly measured, a difference was found between them.
2) In order for the differently illuminated columns of buildings to look the same, the architects of Ancient Greece made them of different thicknesses.
3) During the construction of the Parthenon, the architects made the corner columns wider and reduced the distance between them and neighboring columns.
4) The architects of Ancient Greece took into account the degree of illumination of the columns of the temples and, in order to make them look the same, they made them of different thicknesses.
5) The columns of temples in ancient Greece looked the same from a distance.
2. Which of the following words (combinations of words) should be in place of the gap in the second (2) sentence of the text? Write down this word (combination of words).
first of all, in other words, therefore, because
3. Read the fragment of the dictionary entry, which gives the meaning of the word FON. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in sentence 2. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.
FON, -a, m.
1) The main color, the tone on which the drawing is made, the pattern. We bought a chintz - small flowers on a red background.
2) The background of the picture, drawing, contributing to the selection of the main elements of the composition. Icons golden background.
3) The background of something, something on which someone or something stands out. The lace of the cast-iron grate stands out clearly against the yellow foliage.
4) The situation, environment, environment in which someone is or something happens. This student stands out from the crowd.
4. In one of the words below, a mistake was made in setting the stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel was highlighted INCORRECTLY. Write out this word.
having started for a long time, she removed the convocation
5. In one of the sentences below, the underlined word is WRONGLY used. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.
EXPERIENCED sailor traveled all the seas and oceans, called at the ports of Indonesia, Malaysia, Africa and Europe, twice crossed the equator. As for a bank deposit with a regular PAYMENT of interest accrued on it, this is the most affordable option rent. In the pond of the park lived swans, dazzling white, with a PROUD bearing, they swam along the shore, invariably arousing the delight of visitors. My friend is the most DIPLOMATIC person in the world: he never says anything that can upset anyone. Our native language, which has the status of a world language, needs a respectful and CAREFUL attitude.
6. In one of the words highlighted below, a mistake was made in the formation of the form. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.
SIX HUNDRED RUR Strict regime READING carefully
EXPERIENCED INSTRUCTORS RUN FASTER
7. Establish a correspondence between the sentences and the grammatical errors made in them: for each position of the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
|
SUGGESTIONS |
GRAMMATICAL ERRORS |
|
A) All areas of human nature not only work in accordance with logic and consistency, but also with genuine truth and faith. B) Due to the annual abundant fruiting, frost resistance, and the ability to reproduce easily, plum has become widespread in Russia. C) The famous Nizhny Novgorod fair opened annually, receiving people from all over Russia. D) It is perfectly understandable why every landlord prohibits tenants from keeping pets. E) Using the opportunity to show their view of the natural world, artists create works of landscape painting. |
1) incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition 2) violation of the connection between the subject and the predicate 3) violation in the construction of a proposal with an inconsistent application 4) an error in constructing a sentence with homogeneous members 5) incorrect construction of a sentence with a participial turnover 6) violation in the construction of a sentence with participial turnover 7) incorrect sentence construction with indirect speech |
8. Determine the word in which the unstressed checked vowel of the root is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.
get out ... turn off ... left lock ... lock in ... in ... negro
9. Determine the row in which the same letter is missing in both words in the prefix. Write these words out with the missing letter.
oh ... whitened, to .. put and .. heal, in .. sing pr ... silent, pr ... managed
pos .. yesterday, picked up .. took pr ... wrote, pr ... kind
10. Write down the word in which the letter E is written at the place of the gap.
picky ... fearful ... insist on ... magnesium ... hardy ...
11. Write down the word in which the letter I is written at the place of the gap.
fermented ... ny fossil ... my exhausted ... ny relaxed ... you are subjected ... you are
12.Find a sentence in which NOT with the word is spelled CONTINUOUSLY. Open the brackets and write out this word.
The Public Services Portal provides the very feedback between citizens and municipal and city services, which is often (not) enough.
It is possible to achieve (un)limited computing power by using cloud computing technology.
A computing cloud is a structure of (in)countable set of computers and servers interconnected.
The teacher, (not) looking at the journal, listed the names of all the students who did well and excellently in written work. Where only tourists have (not) visited in recent years!
13. Find a sentence in which both highlighted words are spelled ONE. Open the brackets and write out these two words.
The Internet, as well as (SAME) a variety of mobile devices provide access to the network at any time and almost anywhere and at the SAME time, give rise to new requirements for the format and design of sites.
On the (SEMI) ISLAND of the Yucatan, inhabited by the Maya Indians, the Spaniards landed in 1517, but, (IN) DIFFERENT from the Incas and Aztecs, the Maya stubbornly resisted the conquerors.
In the ruins of a Sumerian city in Mesopotamia, they found the oldest letter in the world - a clay tablet with cuneiform writing: WHO (THAT) for four thousand years (ON) BACK squeezed out just a few words in soft clay with a sharp stick.
It should be borne in mind (B) that paper was expensive for a long time, BECAUSE (BECAUSE) the way it was produced was primitive and very laborious.
(C) THE BEGINNINGS were written on paper with goose quills, (FOR) THEN they began to print the text using carved boards that were dipped in ink.
14. Indicate all the numbers in the place of which one letter H is written.
Mark Twain's book "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer" translated (1) into all languages of the world, filmed many times (2) and staged (3) on stage, is known to almost everyone who can read, and, as a rule, is beautifully illustrated ( 4) a.
15. Arrange punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which you need to put ONE comma.
1) Houses with marvelous platbands on the windows and openwork chimneys on the roofs and painted or carved gates and patterned lattices above the porch seem to surround us.
2) Devotion to their small homeland and interest in the study of its history and life of culture and art have been preserved in the modern generation of citizens.
3) There were many leather and sheepskin coat and soap workshops in Shuya.
4) In front of the house in Plyos, there was a wide expanse of the Volga with its unique sunsets and dawns with an endless expanse of beyond the river.
5) The sun was hiding behind the cold peaks and a soft fog began to disperse in the valleys.
16. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers where commas should be in the sentence. M. V. Lomonosov (1) at the age of thirty-three, elected an academician (2) was a living symbol of the originality of the Russian Academy and its special positive features (3) characteristic of both the past and the present: he knew how to be a poet, artist, physicist at the same time , chemist, geologist, historian, geographer and linguist (4) in all fields creating great and original.
17. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers where commas should be in the sentence. A light object on a dark background (1) seems (2) larger than it actually is, and a dark object on a light one (3) on the contrary (4) looks smaller.
18. Place punctuation marks: indicate the number in the place of which a comma should be in the sentence. On the soil of the Academy, indigenous Russian science (1) grew and developed (2) which (3) was also promoted to a certain extent by many foreign academics.
19. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers where commas should be in the sentence. Muscles perform many of the most important functions (1) and (2) if some of them do not cope with the functions (3) assigned to them (4) the whole body suffers.
Read the text and complete tasks 20-25.
(1) It is known that young people are now mastering the speed method of reading. (2) My daughter reads eight times faster than me. (3) I have another friend who is used to reading, as they say, diagonally, and after all, she manages to grab the main content, the information contained on the pages read in this way. (4) I ask again, I examine - I grabbed it. (5) And now I give Aksakov for the experiment.
(6) I observe: now a page should turn, then another.
(7) Speed method reading. (8)No, the page does not turn over. (9) The page is read slowly, reading every line, every word. (10) Only from time to time exclamations are heard:
What beauty, what charm! (11) Listen, he is a magician, a magician!
(12) In the first fifteen pre-war years of my life, living in the countryside, studying in high school, and somehow I did not bother to read Aksakov. (13) Perhaps he was not in the meager school library, and the sequence ... (14) You need to read Pushkin with Lermontov, Gogol with Turgenev, Nekrasov with Goncharov, at least "Oblomov's Dream" within the school curriculum. (15) Yes, even (already without a school recommendation) - "The Three Musketeers", "Les Misérables", "Notre Dame Cathedral", "The Man Who Laughs", "The Mysterious Island", "The Headless Horseman", "The Last of the Mohicans" ... (16) Yes, even the whole of Jack London, and even "The Struggle of the Worlds" and "The Invisible Man" ... (17) Aksakov's turn did not come. (18) Aksakov was not in the institute program either. (19) But he existed, not yet read. (20) During a student walk, they could wander into Abramtsevo, to the former estate of Aksakov, memorially associated with the largest figures of Russian culture, such as: Vasnetsov, Vrubel, Serov, Korovin, Polenov, Nesterov.
(21) But one day, when two hours of daytime were freed, by some intuition I took it and went to the children's morning performance (fifteen steps from the gates of the institute to the entrance theater doors), and that morning Aksakov's "Scarlet Flower" was given. (22) There, in a fairy tale, a beautiful girl, in order to travel from place to place far away, had to put a golden ring on the little finger of her right hand, but I didn’t even need a ring. (23) It's not about the theatrical performance. (24) Not the first time I came to the theater! (25) Yes, they roamed around the movies, where, too, you can be transported for a while, God knows where. (26) It was all in the atmosphere of a fairy tale, in that affectionate Russianness into which I plunged and which immediately awakened good and bright feelings in my soul. (27) So sharp was the contrast, so great was the distance from atmosphere to atmosphere, from climate to climate, from feelings to feelings, that he sat without breathing, spellbound, stunned, stunned, feeling how something warm and bright washed the soul.
(28) If I were asked to name the main quality of Aksakov's books, moreover, one thing, I would name mental health, which involuntarily overflows into the reader of these books. (29) Vanity, nervousness, all pettiness, haste, flickering recede into the background - everything that prevents us from looking around with clear and calm eyes. (ZO) If each of us tries to look closely at his own feeling of his native land, he will find that this feeling in him is not spontaneous, that it is organized and cultural, because it was fed not only by the spontaneous contemplation of nature as such, but was brought up by all the previous art, all previous culture.
(31) Love for our native land was brought up in us by Pushkin, Lermontov, Tyutchev, Fet, Turgenev, A. K. Tolstoy, Nekrasov, Leo Tolstoy, Blok, Yesenin, Levitan, Polenov, Savrasov, Nesterov, Kuindzhi, Shishkin ... ( 32) So, do we put the name of Sergei Timofeevich Aksakov in last place in these ranks (and they are numerous)?
(According to V. Soloukhin)
Vladimir Alekseevich Soloukhin (1924-1997) - Russian Soviet writer and poet, a prominent representative of "village prose".
20. Which of the statements correspond to the content of the text? Specify the answer numbers.
1) When reading texts of different content, people use different methods.
2) Modern young readers, unlike their parents, actively use the speed reading method.
3) It is difficult for young readers to understand the beauty of S.T. Aksakov.
4) The speed reading method is suitable primarily for reading highly artistic works.
5) The works of great Russian poets, prose writers, artists awaken in people love for the Fatherland.
21. Which of the following statements are true? Specify the answer numbers.
1) Sentences 2-4 contain the proof of what is said in sentence 1.
2) Sentences 5-6 contain reasoning.
3) Sentences 13-17 indicate the reason for what is said in sentence 12.
4) Sentence 21 contains a narrative.
5) Sentence 28 contains a description.
22. From sentences 28-30 write out the phraseological unit.
23. Among sentences 17-21, find one that is related to the previous one with the help of a personal pronoun, synonyms and an adversative conjunction. Write the number of this offer.
24. “Speaking about Russian culture, Vladimir Soloukhin emphasizes the role of the writer, today, unfortunately, almost forgotten. Convincing us of the value of the work of Sergei Timofeevich Aksakov, the author uses a variety of means of expression, including the tropes: (A) _____ (“good and bright feelings” in sentence 26), (B) ______ (“the soul is washed” in sentence 27), and also a syntactic means - (B) _______ (proposition 29). Another syntactic means - (D) _______ (sentence 32) - emphasizes the author's attitude to the work of the great Russian writer.
List of terms:
1) rhetorical appeal
2) comparison
3) rhetorical question
4) a number of homogeneous members
5) epithets
6) opposition
7) metaphor
OPTION 9
USE-2015
Part 1
The answers to tasks 1-24 are a number, a word, a phrase or sequence of words, numbers . Write your answer in the answer field in the text of the work, and then transfer
in the ANSWER FORM No. 1 to the right of the task number, starting from the first cell, Write each letter and number in a separate box in accordance with the samples given in the form.
Read the text and complete tasks 1-3.
(1) Landscape architecture is one of the areas of architecture that aesthetically organizes the living environment. (2) In modern cities, the presence of gardens and parks is necessary to maintain the urban ecology and the health of its inhabitants, to create places for recreation and communication with nature. (3)<...>the architect, seeking to create the impression of the naturalness of "primordial" nature, can change the existing landscape or, on the contrary, form a completely new landscape.
1. Which of the following sentences is correctHOME information contained in the text?
1) Landscape architecture is an important element in human life, since in modern cities the presence of gardens and parks is necessary to maintain urban ecology.
2) An architect, creating gardens and parks, can slightly change the existing landscape or, conversely, form a completely new landscape.
3) In modern cities, gardens and parks are a necessary element of the living environment, but the architect himself chooses how he will form this or that garden or park.
4) Landscape architecture - an important element in the life of a modern person, serving to maintain the urban ecology and the health of its inhabitants - implies a possible change by the architect of the existing landscape or the creation of a completely new landscape.
5) Garden and park architecture, which implies a possible change by the architect of the existing landscape, is an important element in the life of a modern person and serves to maintain the urban ecology and the health of its inhabitants.
2. Which of the following words (combinations of words) should be in place of the gap in the third (3) sentence of the text? Write down this word (combination of words).
Since However Since Even Therefore
Answer:_______________________________________
3. Read the fragment of the dictionary entry, which gives the meanings of the word AREA. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the first (1) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.
REGION , -i, pl. -and, -hey, well.
1) Part of the country, state territory (or territories).Southern regions of Russia. Northern regions of Europe.
2) Large administrative-territorial unit.Autonomous about. Moscow Island Administration from the region (from the regional center; colloquial).
3) what orwhich . Limits, in which some kind of is common. phenomenon, zone, belt.O. evergreens. Lake Island
4) what orwhich . A separate part of the body, part of the body.Pain in the region of the liver. In the chest area.
5) trans., what. Branch of activity, circle of occupations, ideas.New about. science. Departed to about. legends (no longer exists; bookish and ironic). - In the area of \u200b\u200bwhat, a preposition with a genus. n. - in something, in the sphere of something.Mathematician. Work in the field of public education.
Answer:_______________________________________
4. One of the following words has an accent error:WRONG the letter denoting the stressed vowel is highlighted. Write out this word.
dry scarves clog up encourage
Answer:_______________________________________
5. One of the suggestions belowWRONG highlighted word is used.Correct the mistake and spell the word correctly.
I remembered the city of my childhood and those very famous CLAY whistles that were traded in the bazaars.
For a long time, Anyuta kept that same CESTIVE mood, which helped her to easily solve even the most difficult problems.
The GUILTY look of my interlocutor said that this person was sincerely repentant.
After a conversation with Natalie, Andrey was seized by a feeling of love and hatred at the same time, and this DOUBLE feeling did not leave him until the evening.
He was a man with a PROUD bearing, full of self-confidence.
Answer:_______________________________________
6. In one of the words highlighted below, a mistake was made in the formation of the word form.Correct the mistake and spell the word correctly.
ERASE from the board with expensive SHAMPOO
THREE HUNDRED meters a pair of BEAUTIFUL BOOTS
Answer:_______________________________________
7. Establish a correspondence between the sentences and the grammatical errors made in them: for each position of the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
SUGGESTIONS
A) Having passed the exam for a bachelor's degree, he felt dizzy from unexpected success.
B) Thanks modern technologies scientists explored the depths of Lake Samotlor and found the richest oil deposits under the muddy bottom.
C) Many who have been to Pereyaslavl know that this city is younger than Rostov, but its history is also rooted in the distant past.
D) To the right of the steering wheel was a compass with a circle of pointer covered with cracked and partly chipped enamel, dotted with numerous divisions.
E) Vladimir said that “it was then that I, in the old Russian town, in Vologda, became interested in history, it was then that I found and began to deal with the archives of my grandfather.”
Answer:
BUT
8. Determine the word in which the unstressed checked vowel of the root is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.
ruptured..sla suv..renitet floor..live zag..released..sit down
Answer:_______________________________________
9. Determine the row in which the same letter is missing in both words in the prefix. Write these words out with the missing letter.
p .. road builder, not .. sightly and .. take, without .. caring
ex..meta, ex..increase you..play, from..meaning (adjective)
pr..building, pr..grading
Answer:_______________________________________
10. AND.
marl .. you're welcome. .weaken ..lily of the valley ..sensitive ..flax
Answer:_______________________________________
11. Write down the word in which the letter is written in the place of the gapAND.
covered .. you are carried away .. my vert .. you are tortured .. well-deserved ..
Answer:_______________________________________
12. Define a sentence thatNOT spelled with the wordONE . Open the brackets and write out this word.
(NOT) FAR from the river there are cozy and comfortable sanatoriums and camp sites.
Startsev for several months had (NOT)(C) WHOM to talk about it.
Seleznev (NOT) OFFENDED at the words spoken on the sidelines.
Arrogance at all (NOT) STRENGTH material: cracks at the first test.
If a person (DOES NOT) LOVE his city, he is indifferent to his country.
Answer:_______________________________________
13. Determine the sentence in which both underlined words are writtenONE . Open the brackets and write out these two words.
At first, we THAT (SAME) did not understand each other, and (IN) AFTER we became very friends.
At night, a huge fire was lit (ON) ON THE TOP of the mountain, and I tried to explain to everyone (FOR) WHAT it had to be done.
He made an effort to fall asleep, but in a dream the SAME dead space appeared with ridges of gray clouds.
Father, (IN) FORCE his high position, before he traveled only by car with a personal driver, (FROM) WHICH he could not figure out for a long time how to enter the subway and where to pay the fare.
(BY) WHAT the uncle said, it was not clear WHETHER he Kept his word.
Answer:_______________________________________
14. Indicate all the numbers in the place of which it is writtenHH .
On all the shelves, more beautiful (1) with white paint, there were (2) bunches of dry (3) raspberries hanging - a magnificent therefore (4) remedy.
Answer:_______________________________________
15. Arrange punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of offers in which you want to putONE comma.
1) In the evenings, Taras Semyonovich read aloud some book or told a fairy tale.
2) The ocean walked before my eyes and swayed and thundered.
3) Tablecloths and napkins of cold and gloomy colors should not be used for table setting.
4) On holidays, if not sports parades, then theatrical performances were arranged on the city square.
5) The poet experienced a lot.
Answer:_______________________________________
16. Use punctuation marks
The snowball (1) that fell at night (2) and melted before our eyes (3) makes the nearby hill (4) even more slippery.
Answer:_______________________________________
17. Use punctuation marks : enter all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence.
I watered the seedling, took care of it and often imagined it as a sharp-needled boyar, covered with flowers, entwined with foliage: of course (1) the boyar is never tall, she can’t reach the sky, but (2) above the hayloft (3) perhaps (4) will grow.
Answer:_______________________________________
18. Put punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) that should be replaced by a comma(s) in the sentence.
A boundless (1) yellow field (2) stretched before us, the edge of which (3) was closed in the distance by a blue forest.
Answer:_______________________________________
19. Put punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence.
As soon as the visitors laid out their things in the rooms (1) they immediately decided to explore the city (2) but (3) since the tour buses departed only after two hours (4) everyone decided to walk.
Answer:_______________________________________
Read the text and complete tasks 20-25.
(1) An elderly woman, a prominent scientist, told the following story: (2) “I was crossing the square, some drunk pushed me, I fell to my knees, injured them, and blood flowed from the wounds down my legs in a stream. (3) I went to the nearest clinic and told my sister: "Please give me first aid." (4) She politely directed me to the surgical room. (5) A majestic lady was sitting at the table in the office. (6) Surgeon and chief physician of the polyclinic. (7) I said:
– I'm in the blood. (8) Please give me first aid.
– (9) From half past three! – iron voice answered she.
(10) The clock showed two.
– (11) But my blood is flowing, help me!
(12) And then she did not cry. (13) Calmly said:
– Get out of here!
(14) Of course, I went out. (15) I cried.
(16) “You are right,” she writes further, “comparing the injury caused by a scream with a knife blow. (17) But such a blow can be delivered without a cry. (18) In a normal voice. A man came to the doctor to heal a bodily wound, and he inflicted a spiritual wound on him. And I thought how, alas, wounds are often inflicted by the word. Wounds from the word are caused not only by rudeness, but also by thoughtless handling of the word. This happened in one family. (23) A daughter, a fifth grade student, who had recently suffered a serious long-term illness, one day returned home pale. (24) Said:
– I won't go to this school again.
(25) She did not explain anything. (26) It was only visible: immeasurably shocked.
– (27) It is better to die than to go to this school.
(28) The parents decided to transfer the girl to a neighboring school. (29) And only years later she told what was the matter. (30) At a medical examination in the presence of her friends, the school doctor sympathetically exclaimed:
– You can't live with a heart like that!
(31) That's what she said. (32) Girlfriends bombarded the girl with questions. (33) She silently dressed and silently left the school. (34) She left, never to return there again. (35) She didn’t say anything to anyone so as not to upset anyone close to her. (36) She believed the elders and thought that she was living the last weeks.
(37) This wound was not inflicted by anger, not rudeness, but stupidity, ignorance.
(38) When there were many such examples from my own experience and the experience of others and thoughts about them, I spoke on the radio with a conversation on the topic “Caution - the word!”. (39) He did not offer anything special and extraordinary, he simply advised to handle the word thoughtfully. (40) Apply, for example, long-established and generally accepted formulas of politeness and abandon such phrases as: “Don’t you see something ?!”, “Did you?”, “Deaf?”, Especially since there is a danger of really hitting a person, who can't see or hear well. (41) I recalled other words, friendly, polite, benevolent. (42) And he ended the transmission like this: “Be careful with the word; rough is double-edged and often avenges itself!”
(43) An avalanche of responses hit me. (44) Most of those who responded to my speech agreed: the word must be handled with care.
(45) However, there were people who were irritated by the very posing of this problem. (46) They say: you can’t do without rudeness and you don’t need to do without it! (47) By rudeness, they also understand its extreme form - obscene language. (48) Without her, de, there is nothing to meddle at a construction site, in a workshop, in a field. (49) Yes, and in domestic life without a strong word it is unthinkable.
(50) Shouting and scolding is not evidence of strength and not proof. (51) Strength is in calm dignity. (52) 3 to make yourself respected, not to let you be rude is not easy. (53) But it is pointless to descend to the level of a boor. (54) This means giving up on yourself! (55) From my own personality! (56) Politeness, as a rule, is a synonym for inner strength and true dignity. (57) Asking why politeness is as pointless as asking questions: “Why culture?”, “Why beauty?”.
(According to S. Lvov*)
* Sergey Lvovich Lvov (1922-1981) - prose writer, critic, publicist, author of articles on Soviet and foreign literature, biographical and children's literature.
20. Which of the statements correspond to the content of the text? Specify the answer numbers.
1) Wounds are not only physical, but also mental, often arising from the fact that a person thoughtlessly handles the word.
2) When talking with a person, you need to handle the word deliberately, apply long-established and generally accepted formulas of politeness.
3) Rudeness is indispensable in modern society, because shouting and cursing is evidence of strength and persuasiveness.
4) A real person who respects himself and those around him will never sink to the level of a boor, trying to preserve his own personality.
5) A polite person is always internally strong.
Answer:_______________________________________
21. Which of the following statements are true? Specify the answer numbers.
1) Sentences 2-4 present the narrative.
2) Sentence 19 contains a conclusion from the content of sentences 1-18.
3) Sentences 32-33 present the narrative.
4) Sentences 50-57 contain reasoning.
5) Sentences 45-47 provide a description.
Answer:_______________________________________
22. Determine the word used in the text in a figurative sense. Write out this word.
iron (sentence 9) pale (sentence 23)
school (sentence 30) home (sentence 49)
questions (sentence 57)
Answer:_______________________________________
23. Among sentences 10-17, find one that is related to the previous one with the help of a union, demonstrative pronoun and word forms. Write the number of the total offer.
Answer:_______________________________________
Read a fragment of a review based on the text that you analyzed while completing tasks 20 – 23.
This fragment examines the language features of the text. Some terms used in the review are missing. Fill in the gaps (A, B, C, D) with the numbers corresponding to the number of the term from the list. Write in the table under each letter the corresponding number.
Write the sequence of numbers in the ANSWER FORM No. 1 to the right of the task number 24, starting from the first cell, without spaces, commas and other additional characters.
Write each number in accordance with the samples given in the form.
24. “Techniques - (A) __________ (“wound” in sentences 20-21), (B) __________ (sentences 54-55) help the reader to realize the persuasiveness of the author’s arguments, the polemical pathos of the text as a whole. Tropes: (C) __________ (“the majestic lady” in sentence 5), (D) __________ (sentence 43) testify to the emotional attitude of the author of the text to the events taking place.
List of terms:
1) question-answer form of presentation
2) metaphor
3) homogeneous members
4) professional vocabulary
5) litote
6) lexical repetition
7) parceling
8) epithet
9) contextual antonyms
Answer:
BUT
Part 2
25. Write an essay based on the text you read.
Formulate and comment on one of the problems posed by the author of the text (avoid over-quoting).
Formulate position of the author (narrator). Write whether you agree or disagree with the point of view of the author of the read text. Explain why. Argue your opinion, relying primarily on the reader's experience, as well as on knowledge and life observations (the first two arguments are taken into account).
The volume of the essay is at least 150 words.
A work written without relying on the text read (not on this text) is not evaluated. If the essay is a paraphrase or a complete rewrite of the source text without any comments, then such work is evaluated by zero points.
Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.
ANSWERS
OPTION 9 USE-2015
to the tasks of part 1
№ tasks
also later or > consequences, too
TEXT INFORMATION
PART 2
Approximate range of problems
Quest Source: Decision 3241. Unified State Examination 2018. Russian language. I.P. Tsybulko. 36 options.
Task 6. In one of the words highlighted below, a mistake was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and spell the word correctly.
one hundred sixty kilometers
sing more LOUDLY
Doubt gnaws
DRINK milk
the most QUIET
Solution.
Consider the proposed phrases and determine which of them made a mistake.
one hundred and sixty kilometers - a quantitative numeral in the form of a prepositional case. Correctly educated.
to sing more LOUDLY is a comparative form of the adverb. Wrongly educated. Correct options: more ZONKO or ZONCHE.
Doubt gnaws - the verb is in the form of the 3rd person singular, the form is formed correctly.
DRINKING milk - the participle is formed correctly.
the most QUIET - superlative degree of the adjective, the form is formed correctly.
Examination. Be sure to parse each word from the proposed options so as not to make a mistake.
Answer. We write the corrected word (correct only the highlighted word) in capital letters.
The answers to tasks 1–24 are a word, a phrase, a number or a sequence of words, numbers. Write your answer to the right of the task number without spaces, commas or other additional characters.
Read the text and do tasks 1-3.
1) The favorite drink in Russia was kvass. 2) Each housewife had her own recipe for making various kvass: honey, pear, cherry, cranberry, apple - all of them cannot be listed. 3)(...) the value of kvass was not limited to taste. 4) Kvass and sauerkraut were the only means of salvation from scurvy during the long Russian winters, when food was extremely scarce. 5) Even in ancient times, medicinal properties were attributed to kvass.
1
Which of the following sentences correctly conveys the MAIN information contained in the text?
1. Kvass was a favorite drink in Russia, as a huge number of recipes for its preparation are known.
2. In ancient times, medicinal properties were attributed to kvass, so it was a favorite drink in Russia.
3. Kvass was loved in Russia not only because of its taste, but also because it was a remedy for scurvy during the long Russian winters, when food was scarce.
4. In Russia, there were recipes for making various kvass: honey, pear, cherry, cranberry, apple - and each housewife prepared her own, unique drink.
5. When food was scarce, one of the means of salvation from scurvy during the long Russian winters in Russia was kvass, which was also loved for its taste.
2
Which of the following words (combinations of words) should be in place of the gap in the third (3) sentence of the text? Write down this word (combination of words).
1. Because
4. Therefore
5. Despite this
3
Read the fragment of the dictionary entry, which gives the meaning of the word VALUE. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the third (3) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.
VALUE, -and, well.
1. The value of something expressed in money, the price. Determine the value of the fur. A thing of high value. Parcel with declared value.
2. Importance, meaning. His thought is of great value. Recognize the great value of his work for science.
3. Something that has a high cost, a valuable item. Storage of valuables. Transportation of gold and other valuables.
4
In one of the words below, a mistake was made in setting the stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel is highlighted INCORRECTLY. Write out this word.
force
citizenship
lecturers
dancer
5
In one of the sentences below, the underlined word is WRONGLY used. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.
1. Arbatov proved himself to be a persistent, DISCIPLINED, smart commander.
2. A RIDING fire started in a nearby forest, and a hurricane-force wind carried the fire towards the village.
3. It fits perfectly into the EXOTIC atmosphere of the city on the seashore.
4. Such cases are ONLY, exceptional.
5. More than two hundred years ago, the French Revolution DECLARED the rights of citizens: freedom, equality, fraternity.
6
In one of the words highlighted below, a mistake was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.
sound DISAPPEARED
without shoulder strap
THREE scissors
with TWO Hundred rubles
LITTLE HOUSE
7
Establish a correspondence between the sentences and the grammatical errors made in them: for each position of the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
| GRAMMATICAL ERRORS | SUGGESTIONS |
| A) incorrect construction of a sentence with a participial turnover | 1) In besieged Leningrad, people fought hunger, death and supported each other. |
| B) an error in constructing a sentence with homogeneous members | 2) Whole vegetables, fruits and greens contain more vitamins than chopped or grated. |
| C) incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition | 3) In one of the letters, A.P. Chekhov wrote to M. Gorky that you are an artist, an intelligent person and you feel excellent. |
| D) incorrect sentence construction with indirect speech | 4) Bread made from wholemeal flour containing bran is very rich in vitamins. |
| E) violation of the species-temporal correlation of verb forms | 5) The teacher and educator Ya. A. Kamensky was the first to talk about the fact that there are interests of mankind as a whole. |
| 6) After spending fifteen minutes a day in the sun, you are provided with a beautiful and even tan. | |
| 7) Upon arrival in the capital, we hurried on an excursion. | |
| 8) In Russia, July is not only the hottest, but also the sunniest month. | |
| 9) The wind plays along the banks of a shallow river, spins over the fire, as if trying to extinguish it. |
Write your answer in numbers without spaces or other characters.
8
Determine the word in which the unstressed checked vowel of the root is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.
inaccurate.. descriptive
see rhenium
collect..army
pr..questioningly
9
Determine the row in which the same letter is missing in both words in the prefix. Write these words out with the missing letter.
d ... gullible, s ... to say
ra...spread, and...spoil
pr...acquire, pr...create into life
pr ... reconcile, pr ... stop
p...edit, r...decommission
10
Write down the word in which the letter E is written in place of the gap.
evasive ... vy
assign...
coat...tso
wink... wink
changeable ...
11
Write down the word in which the letter Y is written in place of the gap.
(they) close...t
thought ... schey (person)
loader ... charging (gun)
(flags) re...t
(well) understanding
12
Indicate the numbers in the place of which the letter I is written.
The Russian landscape, with its softness, with n (1) ostentation, finally found its spokesman, n (2) when n (3) tried to embellish it.
13
Determine the sentence in which both underlined words are spelled ONE. Open the brackets and write out these two words.
1. (B) GIVE something flashed, but (ON) SO MUCH unclear that it was impossible to see what it was.
2. (C) RIGHT a well-marked, but EVERYTHING (SAME) path winds from us for a long time.
3. In this house, the writer lived (FOR) LONG, if he did not leave (FOR) BORDER or to the south.
4. (AT) THE BEGINNING of spring, this tree is white and fluffy, BUD (TO) a cloud that has descended to earth.
5. Thunder struck FOR WHY (THAT) not in the tallest tree, the great pine, but next to it, in the tree catching up with it (FROM) LONG.
14
Indicate all the numbers in the place of which HN is written.
The old (1) guest (2) located (3) in Konyusha (4) lane always amazed the guests with the (5) layout: the corridors ended in unexpected (6) dead ends, and the room numbers were hopelessly mixed up (7 )s.
15
Set up punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which you need to put ONE comma.
1. From his rug, the dog looks at us with a fixed and reproachful and at the same time mocking look.
2. Around silently wet pines and arborvitae, young olives and various outlandish bushes.
3. The buildings of many faculties are interconnected by long corridors, staircases and footbridges.
4. Some pious soul-pacifying silence reigned over the lake.
5. Due to the lack of water, the housewives did not pour out the water after washing the laundry and used it to wash the floors and windows.
16
Conquered by the beauty of the pine forest (1), we fell silent (2) listening to (3) sounds coming from the thicket (4).
17
Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers in the place of which commas should be in the sentences.
And I will come to her, I will say: “Darling (1)
I saw an amazing dream.
Ah (2) I dreamed of a plain without edge
And a golden sky.
Know (3) I won't be cruel anymore
Be happy (4) with whoever you want (5) even with him,
I'll go far, far away
I will not be sad and angry.
(N. Gumilyov)
18
Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers in the place of which commas should be in the sentence.
Whether she would get the strength (1) she did not know and still hoped (2) that she was not one of the weak (3) and was afraid at the same time (4) that something else would be required (5) that would not be in her.
19
Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers in the place of which commas should be in the sentence.
We invented time (1) it is alien to nature (2) and therefore (3) when a person suddenly begins to feel it (4) he becomes uncomfortable.
20
Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by replacing the incorrectly used word. Write down the chosen word, observing the norms of the modern Russian literary language.
The fire got hotter and hotter and hotter.
Read the text and complete tasks 21-26.
WARNING: WORD!
(1) How, alas, wounds are often inflicted by the word.
(2) You dial a phone number. (H) They answer you:
(4) - I'm listening. (5) You say:
(6) - Please ask Alexei Petrovich.
(7) You made a mistake and ended up in another apartment. (8) How should a normal answer sound in this case? (9) "You have the wrong number." (10) So polite people answer. (11) Very polite: (12) "Unfortunately, you have the wrong number." (13) But often you hear: (14) "There are none here!" (15) It’s tempting to ask: “What are there?” (16) And a rude continuation in response: (17) “You need to look when you type!” (18) A trifle, of course, but it may well spoil the mood.
(19) Wounds from the word are caused not only by rudeness, but often by thoughtless handling of the word. (20) Once in my life I myself suffered in a similar way.
(21) As a child, I was full and remained so. (22) As adults, I endure it easily, and when I was a schoolboy, they teased me, I suffered terribly. (23) It took a lot of endurance and the ability to stand up for yourself to stop teasing. (24) And so we, a group of schoolchildren, were invited to the editorial office of a large newspaper by a famous writer. (25) They drank tea and treated them to cakes. (26) The writer talked to us about the school. (27) I was preparing to write an essay. (28) I also answered his questions. (29) The essay has appeared. (30) I unfolded the newspaper and went cold: he, indicating the name, surname and school, called me in the essay “tongued fat man Seryozha”! (31) Is there much joy in the fact that he praised my answers? (32) He glorified me throughout the country - a tongue-tied fat man! (ZZ) It was aptly said, no matter how much I fought back, nothing helped, this new nickname stuck to me for a long time. (34) There was only one answer: (35) “They printed it in the newspaper! (Z6) So, that's the way it is.
(37) Many years have passed. (38) We met this writer at a rest home. (39) We talked, and I asked him:
(40) - Do you know what grief you once caused me?
(41) He was terribly surprised.
(42) I told him this story. (43) He said:
(44) - I forgot. (45) Excuse me!
(46) An adult, I excused him, but I hated him as a boy. (47) Children are especially sensitive to the word, especially vulnerable. (48) Parents, teachers, journalists writing about children, doctors, do not forget about it.
(49) Careful with the word! (50) It can seriously hurt!
(51) But there is simple ways to avoid this, even if we are forced to say unpleasant things to people.
(52) There are people to whom a sense of tact, including tact in the choice of words, is given by nature or developed by upbringing. (53) There are those to whom it is not given by nature and is not brought up in them, but by the nature of the work it is necessary. (54) Verbal tact should be taught to everyone who is connected with other people. (55) And for neglecting them - punish.
(56) "Don't you see, or something!"; "How many times to repeat!"; “You don’t understand the Russian language!”; “What did they become” or “What did they sit down”; “And what do you (and you) need!”; “It hurts everyone has become smart!”; “Scientists have become sick!”; "Well, well, nothing"; “Look, how gentle”, “And it will be so good”; "Twenty times you repeat!" (57) But you can say: (58) “Good morning!”; "Good afternoon!"; "Good evening!"; "Please come in"; "Please sit down"; “Be kind, pass it on, please”; "I will go after you"; "Thanks a lot"; "Thank you"; "All the best!"; “Please tell me ...” (59) For thousands of years, mankind has developed ways to express benevolence, gratitude, apology, sympathy, attention. (60) They entered folk traditions, acquired a deep ethical and social meaning.
(61) It happens that external politeness masks internal indifference or even hostility. (62) But this is an exception, and it does not give reason to curse politeness.
(63) In everyday life, in some books, sometimes on stage and on the screen, the idea is affirmed that politeness, good breeding, restraint, courtesy are a cover for the negative qualities of a person. (64) On the contrary, rudeness, shamelessness, impudence - this is de expression of a strong, outstanding, sincere personality, a manifestation of a talent that has the right to such an expression of its originality.
