Competition "Historical puzzles" task: solve the puzzle and explain. The history of Russia in crosswords, charades and riddles Rebus on the theme of ancient man
Do you like to solve riddles? Then guess what it's about.
A riddle-joke in which a word or phrase is depicted in the form of drawings in combination with letters, numbers and other signs. Did you guess?
That's right, it's a puzzle. In our understanding, a rebus is a kind of riddle, where a word or even a phrase is presented in the form of pictures, symbols. It is believed that the word "rebus" itself was born from the Latin phrase "not with words, but with the help of things."
We meet in our life with puzzles often. Do you know the history of puzzles?
The history of puzzles began a very long time ago. In the 15th century in France, farcical performances were called a rebus. Later, in the 16th century, such fun was banned and a pun based on a play on words began to be called a rebus. Often it was a riddle, consisting of images of various objects, numbers or letters. And in this form, the puzzle has come down to us.
In 1783, the English artist and engraver Thomas Buick printed an unusual Bible for children in the London printing house of T. Hodgson. He retells the events of Holy Scripture in the form of rebuses. Such a Bible came to be called "hieroglyphic". In the text, some words are replaced by pictures. A few years later, in 1788, the American publisher Isaiah Thomas published a hieroglyphic Bible overseas. Such unusual hieroglyphic Bibles became very popular in late XVIII centuries, because they made it easier and more interesting to teach the Holy Scriptures to children.
The well-known author of "Alice in Wonderland" and "Through the Looking Glass" Lewis Carroll often used rebuses in his correspondence with young readers. In his letters, he often replaced some of the words with pictures or depicted letters in a mirror image. To read such mysterious letters, one needed ingenuity, which, of course, the children really liked.
In the second half of the 19th century, puzzles began to be widely used in society.
Interestingly, even during the war, puzzles were held in high esteem. During the Great Patriotic War, in 1942 the Moscow printing factory of the Moscow industrial trade publishes a collection of rebuses by A.A. Ryazanov "During Leisure Hours: Rebuses" (illustrations by I. Telyatnikov). They were intended for the adult population. In 1945, after the end of the war, a small brochure by the illustrator and illusionist Georgy Kelsievich Bedarev "Rebuses" was published.
In the post-war period, puzzles began to focus on a children's audience. Currently, puzzles are intended for both adults and children. It is difficult to find a children's magazine or a developmental manual that does not contain puzzles. Often children are given similar tasks at school and are even given the task to come up with puzzles.
Regardless of who the puzzles are intended for, the rules for guessing them are the same. In order to correctly guess the rebus, of course, you need to know these rules.
Try to solve a few puzzles, as well.
"Riddles" - Think and click on the picture. In the evening it flies to the earth, the night arrives on earth, and in the morning it flies away again. The star circled in the air a little, sat down and melted on my palm. Press the button and try again. Snowflake. Funny riddles. A colored yoke hung across the river.
Quiz Questions - King Solomon's Mines. Windows vista. Resistance to movement or change. Scales. Frog. Solve the rebus: za1ka. Matrix. Fish. Star. Planet. Space. Insect. What is the name of our galaxy? 5 weeks in a hot air balloon. Time. Nebula. Laser. What are not printers? Temperature. Animals.
"Test around the world" Grade 4 "- 9. The planets of the solar system are studying: The brightest planet in the solar system, named after the goddess of beauty: 8. "Tailed" celestial bodies: Test around the world Grade 4 on the topic: "The solar system ". 1. Self-luminous celestial body: 6. The path of the planets around the Sun is called: 4. The smallest planet in the solar system:
"The smartest" - What is the name of the children's doctor? A subject that studies traditions and customs. What is the main holiday of the ancient Russian peasants in the summer? Local history Natural history Geography. Viper Cobra Already. Which of the following snakes is not venomous? Ushkalyag. The corners of the hut are not red, but red ... Dentist Pediatrician Surgeon. The result of the subtraction.
"Quiz around the world" - How many days in a year. How does a brown bear hibernate? Which bird lays the largest eggs. What part of the day is replaced by night. What is the name of an animal that looks like a dog. What time of year does the leaf fall occur? Quiz around the world. What is hail. What happens to a bee after it stings.
"Quiz" - Socks. The vegetable that became the protagonist of Gianni Rodari's fairy tale. PC mouse. Learning is light and ignorance is darkness. They are assembled into baskets Thick-cheeked matryoshkas. In green handkerchiefs, Sundresses with dots. What vegetable was called the second bread in the old days? Chuck - chuck. Spokes. Pumpkin. Ukrainian pastry dish stuffed with cherries or cottage cheese.
Topic: ANCIENT ROME (puzzle lesson)
Goals: systematize knowledge about Ancient Rome, about outstanding personalities, events; consolidate students' knowledge of historical concepts; to form skills in working with various puzzles, to teach how to compose creative work; to cultivate a sense of collectivism and cooperation when working in groups.
Equipment: puzzles, crossword puzzles (for each group), task cards.
During the classes
I. Organizational moment.
The teacher talks about the goals and objectives of the lesson, distributes the class into groups.
II. Group work with puzzles.
1. The game "Learn the word" (memorable places in Rome).Insert letters and explain the significance of these memorial sites to the Romans.
1) A r. (The amphitheater is a special building for
gladiatorial games.)
F m. (The Forum is the main square of the city of Rome.)
You. (Thermae are Roman baths.)
In d. (Water supply is an arched bridge along which
K y. (The Colosseum is the largest amphitheater in Rome.)
M op e. (The Field of Mars is a wide plain outside the city wall where the citizens of Rome gathered.)
P _ __ n. (The Pantheon is the "temple of all gods" made of brick and concrete.)
K at a. (Trajan's Column is a column erected in honor of the emperor's victory on the Danube.)
B i c k. (The Big Circus is a venue for
2. The game "Changeling" (gods of Rome).
Collect the name of the Roman god from the letters, tell what you know about him. One letter in the shifter is superfluous.
NURTISA (Saturn is the god of agriculture, viticulture). TIRAPIUE (Jupiter is the god of the sky, thunderstorms, the king of the gods). ARKENEV (Venus is the goddess of gardens, love, beauty). RESMA (Mars is the god of war).
NASUNO (Juno is the goddess of motherhood, women). SU WATE (Vesta is the goddess of the hearth). UTEPNIN (Neptune is the god of the sea, water). KUREMIRA (Mercury is the god of trade).
3. The game "Logic chain" (events of the history of Rome).
Explain how the words are grouped together
And what is the missing word in this list?
1) Tribune, yuger, Gracchi, law, farmers, Brutus.
(The Gracchi brothers were popular tribunes in Rome, enforced a law according to which no family should use more than a thousand yugers (about a quarter of a hectare) of state land. The law on the redistribution of land was in favor of ordinary farmers. An extra word "Brutus" Senator who killed Caesar
2) Carthage, Pyrrhus, Legion, Hannibal, Mediterranean, Po.
(In the 3rd century BC, there were wars between Rome and Carthage for influence in the Mediterranean. The Carthaginian commander Hannibal attacked Rome, approached the Po River, united with the Gauls and fought the Roman legion. The extra word "Pyrrhus" is a commander, fought with the Gauls in the 4th century BC.)
3) Capua, Vesuvius, columns, Spartacus, Kras, gladiators.
(In the gladiatorial school of Capua in 74 BC, an uprising broke out under the leadership of Spartacus. The fugitive gladiators set up a camp on the top of the volcano Vesuvius, slaves from the surrounding estates came here, from here the rebels began their campaign in Italy. In 71 BC AD the army of Spartacus clashed with the army of Crassus and was defeated.An extra word "columns" - farmers who took land for cultivation.)
4) Brennus, Scipio, Gauls, geese, gold, Capitol.
(In the 4th century BC, the Gauls attacked Rome from the north, the Romans were defeated, only the Capitoline Hill survived. The Romans were exhausted and did not hear the approach of the enemy. Geese - sacred birds, having heard extraneous noise, woke up and woke up all the Romans with their cackle (The leader of the Gauls, Brennus, demanded gold from the Romans in order to pay off. The extra word "Scipio" is the commander who defeated Hannibal.)
5) Constantine, Byzantium, Nero, emperor, bishop, church.
(Under Emperor Constantine inIVcentury, the capital of the empire was moved to the site of the Greek city of Byzantium. Under him, much was done for Christians: organizations of Christians were created-churches, the priests chose the leader - the bishop. Extra word "Nero" - sinister emperorIcentury AD e.)
Vertical: 2. The Gracchi law on the redistribution of land. 4. Battle of Cannae. 5. Establishment of the Republic. 6. Fall of the Roman Empire.
5. Crossword.
This task can be given instead of a crossword puzzle. The teacher sets the first word, asks what it means, and invites the children to continue their work on compiling their crossword puzzle. Teams receive points for crossing lines and for explaining.
For example:
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2) Questions:
1. One of the legendary founders of Rome. 2. Settlers from the conquered lands. 3. Council of Elders. 4. Ruler of Rome. 5. Ruler of Rome during the Republic. 6. An official elected from among the plebeians. 7. Slaves performing in the amphitheaters. 8. Ruler with unlimited power. 9. Farmers who took land for cultivation. 10. Descendants of the founders of Rome.
What keyword is horizontal?
What does this concept mean?
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6. Keyword (catch phrase).
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1 |
2 |
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19 |
10 |
13 |
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8 |
13 |
14 |
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about |
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When looking at portraits of famous Romans, you need to put down the corresponding names instead of numbers and change the numbers to letters in the key phrase. If the class is not strong or there is little time left in the lesson, you can give portraits with numbers and ready-made names, this will speed up the task.
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4 |
5 6 |
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7 |
8 |
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12 |
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17 | 13 |
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32
Rebuses on the history of the fatherland (collection)
Introduction
Rebus (from Latin rebus - “with the help of things”), the representation of a word or syllable by means of an image of an object, the name of which is consonant with the represented word or syllable. Several puzzles can be combined in one drawing or as a sequence of drawings in order to make up a phrase or sentence. In literary puzzles, letters, numbers, musical notes, or specially arranged words are used to compose sentences. Compound puzzles include pictures and letters. Puzzles can convey the direct meaning of words, mainly to inform or instruct illiterate people, or deliberately hide their meaning in order to inform only the initiated, or when used as a riddle and entertainment.
In Europe, literary puzzles could often be seen on generic mottos, personal seals, monograms, bookplates, and, finally, as entertainment or riddles. In England, a well-known rebus is the IOU. Picture riddles were widely used in advertising campaigns.
Historic motheral requires deep reflection, which is complex challenge for students special (correctional) school,because their thinking “is characterized by inertia; they are bad poniesmayut the educational material reported to them. Considering this particularmentality of mentally retarded children, the teacher shouldcarefully select the facts and phenomena reported to studentsand think well about the form of your presentation; only prea lucid, clear, simple story can be accessed students.
Students of a special (correctional) schoolcarry out the "transfer" of acquired knowledge to similar facts and events. The teacher should take this feature into account and helpstudents to establish the necessary connections and relationships betweenhistorical events.In order to develop thinking, it is advisable to returnto the same fact, historical term several times.
In this collection "Puzzles on the history of the Fatherland" puzzles are proposed that may be of interest to teachers, educators of correctional schools, as well as teachers from educational schools.
Conclusion
In this collection “Puzzles on the History of the Fatherland, Grade 8”, puzzles are proposed that can be used in history lessons, as an introduction to new terms, as well as to consolidate them. Students of a special (correctional) school are not good at “transferring” acquired knowledge to similar facts and phenomena. The teacher must take into account this feature, and help students to establish the necessary connections and relationships between historical events. In order to develop thinking, it is advisable to return to the same fact, historical term several times. Therefore, the use of puzzles in the classroom contributes to the development and correction of thinking, remembering historical dates and names.
As part of the educational and methodological set "History of the Fatherland, grade 8 for schools of type VIII", this collection of tests is an integral part of the set. All tests are presented in electronic form on a disk. Students can independently use them to test and consolidate knowledge, as well as by the teacher at any stage of the lesson.
Bibliography
1. Petrova, L. V. Methods of teaching history in a special (correctional) school of the VIII type [Text] / L. V. Petrova. – M.: Vlados, 2003. – 208 p.
2. Puzanov, B.P. History of Russia: textbook. for 8 cells. special (correctional) educational institutions VIII species [Text] / B. P. Puzanov. - M.: VLADOS, 2004. - 312 p.
3. Smirnova, A. N. Correctional and educational work of a secondary school teacher: a guide for teachers and educators [Text] / A. N. Smirnova. - M.: Enlightenment, 1992. - 104 p.
Methodology for teaching history to younger children school age involves the use of a wide variety of methodological techniques and forms of organization of training sessions. With rare exceptions, all children of this age seek knowledge, perform exactly the actions that the teacher requires of them, and imitate the examples that he sets. This is because his authority for them is quite high and interest in learning has not yet been lost. One of the most beloved and effective forms of a lesson is a game lesson, according to Nina PANFEROVA, Associate Professor of the Department of Pedagogy at Tula State University. Didactic game can be both an organizational form of a lesson and a short-term episode (2-10 minutes). The educational game provides for the organization by the teacher of exciting activities for children, the creation of entertaining, difficult situations, which the students must resolve either on their own or with the help of the teacher. Several tasks for such games are offered below.
Crossword puzzle - a puzzle task - filling with letters the intersecting rows of cells so that the given words are obtained horizontally and vertically.
Questions
Horizontally: 1. Housing for a person. 2. A place in Russia where there is a unique building made of wood, erected without a single nail. 5. The main church in the city. 6. The ancient name of the dwelling of a rich man in Russia.
Vertical: 1. Magnificent architectural structure. 3. Peasant dwelling in Russia. 4. An architectural structure intended for the performance of religious rites.
Answers
Horizontally: 1. House. 2. Kizhi. 5. The cathedral. 6. Chambers.
Vertically: 1. Castle. 3. Hut. 4. Temple.
Charade is a riddle game in which the hidden word is divided into several parts with independent meaning and then a description of the meaning of each of these words is given.
In this word
We hear clearly
Five brief
Russian words:
Connecting union
And measured count of centuries.
In him plane rumble,
And under the wing - the earth,
With which merged
Union enduring" I".
Answer. I-hundred-r-i-i (history).
Crossdata - a puzzle task - filling in the numbers of intersecting rows of cells so that the given dates are obtained horizontally and vertically.
QuestionsHorizontally: 4. Battle on the Ice. 6. The construction of the first fortress walls around Moscow. 7. The beginning of the civil war in Soviet Russia. 8. The first annalistic mention of Moscow. 9. The beginning of the construction of St. Petersburg. 10. Estimated year of the beginning of the campaign of the Yermak detachment in Siberia.
Vertically: 1. The invasion of the Mongol-Tatars in Russia. 2. The reign of the Romanov dynasty in Russia. 3. Patriotic war against Napoleon's army. 5. Campaign against Moscow militia led by Minin and Pozharsky.
Answers
Horizontal: 4.1242. 6.
1156. 7.
1918. 8.
1147. 9.
1703. 10.
1582.
Vertically: 1.
1237. 2.
1613. 3.
1812. 5.
1612.
Riddles - an image or expression in need of interpretation.
unmeasured,
Uncalculated
How dashing
People tested!How many perished
In a foreign land
How much is cut
How much is tortured.
Don't count
Trouble-consequences
From Mongolian
From... .The enemy is cruel and fierce
Destroyed the earth
Light-eyed Russia
Filled for hundreds of years!
To solve this riddle, you need to answer a few questions.
- What is the missing word in the riddle?
- What terrible misfortune befell the Russian land and its people?
- In what year and in what century did this happen?
- How many years and centuries did the misfortune go on?
- What events put an end to Russia's dependence on the Mongol-Tatars?
Answer. Invasion.
Note. The Mongol-Tatar invasion of Russia began in 1237 (XIII century). The invasion lasted 243 years - about two and a half centuries. It ended in 1480 standing on the Ugra.
Driven out of the country
French adversaries
Our glorious hero
Commander...
Answer. Kutuzov.
Humiliated,
Without will, without land,
Like a pitiful slave
Always deprived of peace
Russian peasant,
many hundreds of years
You were tormented ... ... .
Answer. Fortress law.
Chineword - a puzzle task - filling in successive cells in such a way that the guessed words form a series in which the last letter of the previous word is the first letter of the next one.
Questions
1. People's Assembly in Ancient Russia. 2. The main book of Christians, serving the good. 3. Cossack, thanks to whose activities Eastern Siberia became part of Russia. 4. The capital city of Ancient Russia. 5. Russian city, the second to be devastated by the Mongol-Tatars. 6. The first Russian city ravaged by the Mongol-Tatars during the invasion. 7. The largest Russian city in the north of Russia. 8. The river in which the first rite of baptism in Russia was performed. 9. The main means of communication in ancient Russia. 10. The name of the first tsar in Russia. 11. The population of Russia, ordinary people. 12. Supernatural beings that the Slavs believed in. 13. The lake, not far from which the richest city of Russia was located.
Answers
1. Veche. 2. Gospel. 3. Yermak. 4. Kyiv. 5. Vladimir. 6. Ryazan. 7. Novgorod. 8. Dnieper. 9. Rivers. 10. Ivan. 11. People. 12. Perfume. 13. Ilmen.
Panferova Nina Nikolaevna Any reprint only with the permission of the author.
